Polystyrene nanoplastics are unlikely to aggregate in freshwater bodies.

The fate and toxicity of nanoplastics (NPs) in the environment is largely determined by their stability. We explored how water composition, nanoplastic size, and surface carboxyl group density influenced the aggregation of polystyrene (PS) NPs in fresh water. Unfunctionalized 200, 300, 500, and 1000 nm PS NPs and 310 nm carboxylated PS NPs with carboxyl group densities of 0.

Sex-Differences in Characteristics and Factors Associated With New Running-Related Injuries Among Recreational Runners.

Previous findings of sex-differences in type, location, consequences, and risk factors of running-related injuries (RRIs) are contradictory. We aim to clarify these potential sex-differences. This cohort study analyzed prospective RRIs among recreational runners participating in running events (5-42 km) by combining data of two RCTs, including all intervention arms.

Opposition to banning cigarette filters and the belief that removing filters makes cigarettes much more harmful among adults who smoke: Findings from the 2022 International Tobacco Control Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey.

Introduction: In line with historical tobacco industry marketing claims, many consumers perceive cigarettes with filters as less harmful than cigarette without filters. However, scientific evidence indicates that cigarette filters do not reduce the risks associated with smoking. We examined opposition to banning the sale of cigarettes with filters, beliefs about whether removing filters makes cigarettes much more harmful, and whether this belief is associated with opposition to banning filters among adults who smoke cigarettes from four high-income countries.

Human-Sized Organ Machine Perfusion: A Systematic Review on the Added Value of Medical Imaging for Organ Condition Assessment.

Machine perfused organs offer an excellent experimental platform, e.g., for studying organ physiology and for conducting pre-clinical trials for drug delivery.