Background: Catheter ablation of accessory pathway is the treatment of choice for patients with symptomatic Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome. Accessory pathway (AP) identification relies on point-by-point mapping, raising the need for more precise and efficient methods. High-density open window mapping (OWM) combined with the extended early meets late (EEML) algorithm, utilizing 3D electroanatomic mapping systems, is a promising alternative.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPeptide phytohormones are decorated with post-translational modifications (PTMs) that are crucial for receptor recognition. Tyrosine sulfation on these hormones is essential for plant growth and development1. Measuring the occurrence and position of sulfotyrosine is, however, compromised by major technical challenges during isolation and detection2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiffractive optical elements that divide an input beam into a set of replicas are used in many optical applications ranging from image processing to communications. Their design requires time-consuming optimization processes, which, for a given number of generated beams, are to be separately treated for one-dimensional and two-dimensional cases because the corresponding optimal efficiencies may be different. After generalizing their Fourier treatment, we prove that, once a particular divider has been designed, its transmission function can be used to generate numberless other dividers through affine transforms that preserve the efficiency of the original element without requiring any further optimization.
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