A Normative Model Representing Autistic Individuals Amidst Autism Spectrum Phenotypic Heterogeneity.

Background: Currently, there is a need for approaches to understand and manage the multidimensional autism spectrum and quantify its heterogeneity. The diagnosis is based on behaviors observed in two key dimensions, social communication and repetitive, restricted behaviors, alongside the identification of required support levels. However, it is now recognized that additional modifiers, such as language abilities, IQ, and comorbidities, are essential for a more comprehensive assessment of the complex clinical presentations and clinical trajectories in autistic individuals.

Perceptions and understanding of family pediatricians regarding the new Italian Type 1 Diabetes screening program.

Aims: Italy is the first country to implement a nationwide Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) screening program aimed at reducing cases of diabetic ketoacidosis and potentially delaying disease progression through early interventions. This study assesses the knowledge, perceptions, and willingness of family pediatricians (FPs) to participate in this program.

Methods: An anonymous online survey was conducted among 113 FPs in the Friuli Venezia Giulia region, an area not included in the initial pilot study.

The efficacy of valproate in acute mania, bipolar depression and maintenance therapy for bipolar disorder: an overview of systematic reviews with meta-analyses.

Objective: This study aims to conduct an overview on the comparative efficacy of valproate in acute mania, bipolar depression and maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder (BD).

Method: We performed an overview of systematic reviews with meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials (RCTs), registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024497749). We searched Medline and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.

A transdiagnostic model to prevention in mental and behavioral disorders: a comprehensive review and delineation of a new proposal.

Introduction: Current disease-specific models for prevention of mental disorders are challenged by the overlap of psychopathology, biological mechanisms, and risk factors. Moreover, mental disorders usually begin during childhood or adolescence, when symptoms fluctuate and are highly non-specific.

Discussion: We propose a staging model that integrates three domains - psychopathology, functional impairment and risk factors-, in which prevention is defined as actions to avoid stage progression, irrespective of diagnosis.

Study while you sleep: using targeted memory reactivation as an independent research project for undergraduates.

Newly acquired information is stabilized into long-term memory through the process of consolidation. Memories are not static; rather, they are constantly updated via reactivation, and this reactivation occurs preferentially during slow-wave sleep (SWS; also referred to as N3 in humans). Here we present a scalable neuroscience research investigation of memory reactivation using low-cost electroencephalogram (EEG) recording hardware and open-source software for students and educators across the K-12 and higher education spectrum.