Cutting-edge advances in strain and process engineering for boosting cellulase production in Trichoderma reesei.

Low-cost production of cellulases is a key factor in advancing the commercialization of lignocellulosic biorefinery. Thus far, Trichoderma reesei is the leading cellulase producer for biorefinery applications. Over 70 years of research, considerable advancements have been made in comprehending the mechanisms underlying cellulases biosynthesis and secretion in T.

Carbon dioxide suppresses filamentous growth in the human fungal pathogen Candida tropicalis.

A striking characteristic of the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans is its ability to switch between budding yeast morphology and the filamentous form, facilitating its adaptation to changing host environments. The filamentous growth of C. albicans is mediated by various environmental factors, such as carbon dioxide (CO), N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), serum, and high temperature.

CoP-Enhanced CaTiO Single-Electron Oxygen Reduction Piezoelectric Catalysis for HO Production.

Piezoelectric catalytic production of HO is a novel and environmentally friendly HO production method, and many piezoelectric catalysts are currently being developed. However, all of them have the disadvantages of precious metals as cocatalysts and low catalytic efficiency. Herein, CaTiO was successfully prepared and loaded with the nonprecious metal CoP (CoP/CaTiO) for piezoelectric catalytic production of HO.

Ablation of Hepatic Asah1 Gene Disrupts Hepatic Lipid Homeostasis and Promotes Fibrotic Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in Mice.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses a spectrum of chronic liver conditions, ranging from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, which may progress to fibrosis/cirrhosis. Here, the GSE163211 data set was analyzed, and Asah1 (encoding acid ceramidase) was identified as a crucial lysosomal gene that positively correlated with NAFLD stages in obese patients. To evaluate the role of Asah1 in the progression of NAFLD, Asah1/Alb mice (hepatocyte-specific deletion of Asah1) and Asah1 floxed (Asah1/wild-type) mice were fed with either a normal diet or a high-fat, high-cholesterol paigen diet (PD) for 20 weeks.

The prognostic value of the systemic immunity-inflammation index for cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in cardiovascular disease patients with diabetes or prediabetes.

Background: The relationship between the systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII) and the prognosis of cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients with diabetes or prediabetes remains uncertain. This study investigated the association between baseline SII and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in American adults with CVD and diabetes or prediabetes.

Methods: Our survey included 4,060 adults with cardiovascular disease and diabetes or prediabetes from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1998-2020).