A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase 17 Disrupts Bovine Macrophage MER Proto-Oncogene Tyrosine Kinase Integrity to Impede Apoptotic Cell Clearance and Promote Inflammation in Clinical Mastitis.

In clinical mastitis of dairy cows, the abnormal accumulation of apoptotic cells (ACs) and subsequent secondary necrosis and inflammation pose significant concerns, with macrophage-mediated efferocytosis, crucial for ACs clearance, remaining unexplored in this context. In nonruminants, MER proto-oncogene tyrosine kinase (MERTK) receptors are essential for efferocytosis and A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17) is thought to play a role in regulating MERTK integrity. This study aimed to delineate the in situ role of efferocytosis in clinical mastitis, with a particular focus on the interaction between MERTK and ADAM17 in bovine macrophages.

M1 polarization of hepatic macrophages in cows with subclinical ketosis is an important cause of liver injury.

Subclinical ketosis (SCK) is highly prevalent and easily overlooked, with insidious and slow progression of hepatic injury, often characterized by an imbalance in immune homeostasis. In nonruminants, macrophage polarization plays an important regulatory role in hepatic lipid accumulation, fibrosis and inflammatory processes. Thus, we aimed to investigate the status of hepatic macrophage polarization in SCK cows and to corroborate its association with liver injury and inflammation.

Health Care Perceptions and a Concierge-Based Transplant Evaluation for Patients With Kidney Disease.

Importance: The kidney transplant (KT) evaluation process is particularly time consuming and burdensome for Black patients, who report more discrimination, racism, and mistrust in health care than White patients. Whether alleviating patient burden in the KT evaluation process may improve perceptions of health care and enhance patients' experiences is important to understand.

Objective: To investigate whether Black and White participants would experience improvements in perceptions of health care after undergoing a streamlined, concierge-based approach to KT evaluation.

Fatty acids promote migration of CD4 T cells through calcium release-activated calcium modulator ORAI1 sensitive glycolysis in dairy cows.

Nutritional and metabolic state in dairy cows are important determinants of the immune response. During the periparturient period, a state of negative energy balance in the cow increases plasma concentrations of fatty acids (FA), which are associated with inflammation. Among immune cells, CD4 T are able to function under high-FA conditions, but the underlying mechanisms regulating these events remain unclear.

Caveolin 1 ameliorates nonesterified fatty acid-induced oxidative stress via the autophagy regulator beclin 1 in bovine mammary gland epithelial cells.

High blood concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) during ketosis enhance uptake by the mammary gland and impair autophagy while causing oxidative stress. Caveolin 1 (CAV1) is closely related to autophagy and plays a role in regulating oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to explore the potential role of CAV1 on oxidative stress and autophagy during a high-NEFA challenge in the immortalized bovine mammary epithelial cell line (MAC-T).