Diagnostic performance of biomarkers for differentiating active tuberculosis from latent tuberculosis: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis.

Background: PCR and culture tests are used together to confirm the diagnosis of active tuberculosis (TB). Due to the long culture period, if the PCR test is negative, it takes a significant amount of time for the culture result to be available. Interferon- release assays (IGRAs), which are widely used to diagnose TB or latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), cannot effectively discriminate TB from LTBI.

Multimodal Fusion Artificial Intelligence Model to Predict Risk for MACE and Myocarditis in Cancer Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy has dramatically improved the prognosis for some cancers but can be associated with myocarditis, adverse cardiovascular events, and mortality.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) model to predict the increased likelihood for the development of ICI-related myocarditis and adverse cardiovascular events.

Methods: Cancer patients treated with ICI at a tertiary institution from 2011 to 2022 were reviewed.

Vacuum electrospray deposition for face-on orientation and interface preservation in organic photovoltaics.

Despite recent advancements in organic photovoltaics (OPVs), further improvements in power conversion efficiency (PCE) and device lifetime are necessary for commercial viability. Strategies such as optimizing the molecular orientation and minimizing the charge traps of organic films are particularly effective in enhancing photovoltaic performance. In this study, we successfully utilized vacuum electrospray deposition (VESD) to achieve favourable face-on stacking geometries while preserving the integrity of the interfaces in poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT): [6,6]-phenyl-C-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) bulk heterojunction (BHJ) films.

Association between calcium channel blocker use and the risk of interstitial lung disease and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: A longitudinal cohort study.

Introduction: Ca2+ signaling in fibroblasts would be one of the important mediators of lung fibrosis. This study investigated the relationship between calcium channel blocker usage and the risk of developing interstitial lung disease and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Material And Methods: This cohort study used data from the Korean National Health Screening Cohort spanned from January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2015.

Ferrimagnetic Heusler tunnel junctions with fast spin-transfer torque switching enabled by low magnetization.

Magnetic random-access memory that uses magnetic tunnel junction memory cells is a high-performance, non-volatile memory technology that goes beyond traditional charge-based memories. Today, its speed is limited by the high magnetization of the memory storage layer. Here we prepare magnetic tunnel junction memory devices with a low magnetization ferrimagnetic Heusler alloy MnGe as the memory storage layer on technologically relevant amorphous substrates using a combination of a nitride seed layer and a chemical templating layer.