An innovative reuse of bottom ash from municipal solid waste incinerators as substrates of constructed wetlands.

The incineration of municipal solid waste has been important in waste management, but it raises another environmental issue concerning residue treatment. This study describes an innovative use of naturally aged incineration bottom ash (AIBA) as an alternative substrate for horizontal subsurface flow (HSSF) constructed wetlands (CW). Although experimental results from a period lasting for 396 days only revealed slightly higher removal ratios in HSSF with AIBA (HSSF-E) than in HSSF-traditional pebble beds (HSSF-C), increasing from 67% to 76% for BOD, 44%-51% for TKN, 47%-54% for NH-N, and 44%-52% for TN.

Application of an innovative front aeration and internal recirculation strategy to improve the removal of pollutants in subsurface flow constructed wetlands.

The pollutant removal performance of traditional horizontal subsurface flow (HSSF) constructed wetlands (CWs) is limited because of the dissolved oxygen (DO) supply is insufficient. The aeration of HSSF CWs usually improves their pollutant removal performance, but a high DO induces the accumulation of nitrate-nitrogen (NO-N) and suppresses the improvement of total nitrogen (TN) removal. In this study, an integrated solution that involved in-tank front aeration and internal recirculation (FAIR) was used to improve the pollutant removal performance of HSSF CWs.

Purification of landscape water by using an innovative application of subsurface flow constructed wetland.

This study attempted to purify eutrophic landscape water under a low pollutant concentration and high hydraulic volume loading using an embedded subsurface flow (SSF) constructed wetland (CW). Three species of aquatic plants (i.e.

Swift model for a lower heating value prediction based on wet-based physical components of municipal solid waste.

To establish an empirical model for predicting a lower heating value (LHV) easily and economically by multiple regression analysis. A wet-based physical components model (WBPCM) was developed and based on physical component analysis without dewatering. Based on 497 samples of municipal solid waste (MSW) gathered from 14 incinerators in western parts of Taiwan from 2002 to 2009.

Broadband antireflective poly-Si nanosponge for thin film solar cells.

Antireflective nanosponges are fabricated on polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) thin films using Ag-nanoparticles (NPs) assisted etching. Crystal orientations and grain sizes of the poly-Si thin films are investigated for the poly-Si nanosponge formation and the resultant optical properties. The Ag-NPs assisted etching preferentially etches the poly-Si thin films along crystal orientation of [110].