Influence of ionization volume and sample gas flow rate on separation power in gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry.

In this work, the influence of the sample gas flow rate and the ionization region volume of an ion mobility spectrometer (IMS) used as a detector in gas chromatography (GC) on GC-IMS peak shape has been investigated. Therefore, a drift tube IMS with a field-switching ion shutter, a defined ionization region volume and an ultra-violet radiation source was used. To identify the influence of the sample gas flow rate entering the ionization region (equals the GC carrier gas flow rate if no further make-up gas is used) and the ionization region volume on peak broadening and signal intensity, different sample volumes as they would elute from a GC were tested at a variety of sample gas flow rates at a given ionization region volume.

Nanosecond structural dynamics of intrinsically disordered β-casein micelles by neutron spectroscopy.

β-casein undergoes a reversible endothermic self-association, forming protein micelles of limited size. In its functional state, a single β-casein monomer is unfolded, which creates a high structural flexibility, which is supposed to play a major role in preventing the precipitation of calcium phosphate particles. We characterize the structural flexibility in terms of nanosecond molecular motions, depending on the temperature by quasielastic neutron scattering.

Numerically stable form factor of any polygon and polyhedron.

Coordinate-free expressions for the form factors of arbitrary polygons and polyhedra are derived using the divergence theorem and Stokes's theorem. Apparent singularities, all removable, are discussed in detail. Cancellation near the singularities causes a loss of precision that can be avoided by using series expansions.

Quasielastic neutron scattering studies on couplings of protein and water dynamics in hydrated elastin.

Performing quasielastic neutron scattering measurements and analyzing both elastic and quasielasic contributions, we study protein and water dynamics of hydrated elastin. At low temperatures, hydration-independent methyl group rotation dominates the findings. It is characterized by a Gaussian distribution of activation energies centered at about E = 0.

Multiple Bragg reflection by a thick mosaic crystal. II. Simplified transport equation solved on a grid.

The generalized Darwin-Hamilton equations [Wuttke (2014). Acta Cryst. A70, 429-440] describe multiple Bragg reflection from a thick, ideally imperfect crystal.