Differences in Sleep Quality and Sleepiness among Veterinary Medical Students at Multiple Institutions Before and After the Pandemic Induced Transition to Online Learning.

Poor sleep health has been previously documented in veterinary medical students. However, it is not known how universal or widespread this problem is. This study evaluated Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) scores to measure sleep health among students at seven colleges of veterinary medicine in the United States (US).

Development of a reference interval for urinary ammonia-to-creatinine ratio in feline patients.

Background: Disruption of acid-base homeostasis can lead to many clinical problems. Ammonia excretion by the kidneys is critical to maintaining acid-base homeostasis through bicarbonate production. Measurement of ammonia excretion may help determine if the kidneys are properly functioning in maintaining acid-base balance.

A "down under" lesion on the muzzle of a dog.

A 10-year-old, castrated, male Labrador Retriever was presented to a local veterinary practice for investigation of a firm, deeply pigmented, alopecic, subcutaneous mass (8 mm in diameter) on the left side of the muzzle. A fine-needle aspirate of the mass was submitted for cytologic evaluation to the University of Florida. Microscopically, the preparation contained a predominant population of histiocytes that contained variable numbers of intracytoplasmic, negative-staining, filamentous structures consistent with Mycobacterium sp.