Comparison of software tools for kinetic evaluation of chemical degradation data.

Background: For evaluating the fate of xenobiotics in the environment, a variety of degradation or environmental metabolism experiments are routinely conducted. The data generated in such experiments are evaluated by optimizing the parameters of kinetic models in a way that the model simulation fits the data. No comparison of the main software tools currently in use has been published to date.

Comparative assessment of plant protection products: how many cases will regulatory authorities have to answer?

Background: The substitution principle has been included in the EU pesticides legislation as a new element. Comparative assessments will have to be conducted for all uses of plant protection products (PPPs) that contain active substances with certain hazardous properties, the so-called candidates for substitution (CFS). This study investigated the resulting workload in terms of the number of cases for comparative assessments that regulatory authorities may have to face.

A retrospective analysis of cecal barotrauma caused by colonoscope air flow and pressure.

Background: This study addressed the question of whether barotrauma during colonoscopy is sufficient to rupture the colon.

Methods: A total of 3000 colonoscopies were retrospectively analyzed, and the colonoscopes used for these procedures were evaluated in an in vitro analysis. Air pressure at the tip of the colonoscopes and air flow through the instruments were measured.

Lymphangioma: one of the soft lesions of the colon.

Lymphangiomas are benign tumors most commonly found in the neck, axilla and skin. Occasionally they may occur in the gastrointestinal tract, most in the small intestine or mesentary. Lymphangioma of the colon is rare.