Gram-scale enzymatic synthesis of 2'-deoxyribonucleoside analogues using nucleoside transglycosylase-2.

Nucleosides are pervasive building blocks that are found throughout nature and used extensively in medicinal chemistry and biotechnology. However, the preparation of base-modified analogues using conventional synthetic methodology poses challenges in scale-up and purification. In this work, an integrated approach involving structural analysis, screening and reaction optimization, is established to prepare 2'-deoxyribonucleoside analogues catalysed by the type II nucleoside 2'-deoxyribosyltransferase from (NDT-2).

Hoof wall masses removal in 30 standing sedated horses: Surgical technique, postoperative complications and long-term outcome.

Objective: To describe the surgical technique for removal of hoof wall masses in horses under standing sedation (SS) and local anesthesia (LA), and to report complications and long-term outcome following surgery.

Study Design: Observational retrospective study.

Animals: Client-owned horses (n = 30).

ArborSim: Articulated, branching, OpenSim routing for constructing models of multi-jointed appendages with complex muscle-tendon architecture.

Computational models of musculoskeletal systems are essential tools for understanding how muscles, tendons, bones, and actuation signals generate motion. In particular, the OpenSim family of models has facilitated a wide range of studies on diverse human motions, clinical studies of gait, and even non-human locomotion. However, biological structures with many joints, such as fingers, necks, tails, and spines, have been a longstanding challenge to the OpenSim modeling community, especially because these structures comprise numerous bones and are frequently actuated by extrinsic muscles that span multiple joints-often more than three-and act through a complex network of branching tendons.

Impact and determinants of door in-door out time for stroke thrombectomy transfers in a large hub-and-spoke network.

Introduction: The mantra "time is brain" cannot be overstated for patients suffering from acute ischemic stroke. This is especially true for those with large vessel occlusions (LVOs) requiring transfer to an endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) capable center. We sought to evaluate the spoke hospital door in-door out (DIDO) times for patients transferred to our hub center for EVT.