On-Line Monitoring of Enzymatic Degumming of Soybean Oil Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy.

Degumming is an oil refinement process in which the naturally occurring phospholipids in crude vegetable oils are removed. Enzymatic degumming results in higher oil yield and more cost-efficient processing compared to traditional degumming processes using only water or acid. Phospholipase C hydrolyses phospholipids into diglycerides and phosphate groups during degumming.

Removal of hard COD from acidic eucalyptus kraft pulp bleach plant effluent streams using oxidoreductases.

The bleach plant of a pulp and paper (P&P) mill presents a major source of wastewater containing toxic organic matter characterized as chemical oxygen demand (COD). Due to their high oxidizing power, oxidoreductases hold promise to be a key solution for the removal of dissolved organic material. Here, four oxidoreductases from different enzyme families were selected to treat bleach plant effluents.

Enhanced efficiency of industrial-scale anaerobic digestion by the addition of glycosidic enzymes.

The results of the action of two glycosidic enzymes added to an anaerobic digester processing mixed wastewater sludge are reported in this paper. The experiment was performed at a continuously operating full-scale wastewater treatment plant during a 6-month period. The addition of the enzyme mixture resulted in improved gas production and dewatering properties.

[Fractions of barley spent grain as media for growth of probiotic bacteria].

The application of the protein and polysaccharide fractions of barley spent grain as a basis of growth media for probiotic bacteria was studied. High values of biomass yield, cell viability, and organic acid production were observed in the variants of media containing the barley spent grain supplemented with lactose, ascorbic acid, yeast extract, and mineral salts. Cells of lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria had the typical rod-shaped morphology.

The function of cation-binding agents in the enzymatic treatment of municipal sludge.

Treatment of sludge with enzymes has previously been shown to efficiently release organic matter. However, the added enzymes were partially adsorbed to, entrapped by or bound to the sludge structure. Simultaneous decrease of enzymes activities was observed.