Tumor infiltrating T-cells and loss of expression of SWI/SNF genes in varying stages of clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Background: Patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) metastases face poor prognoses, even with adjuvant therapies. Tumor-infiltrating T-cells and macrophages are critical in targeting tumor cells within the renal microenvironment. Beyond VHL mutations, loss-of-function mutations in SWI/SNF complex genes, including PBRM1, BAP1, ARID1A, SETD2, SMARCA4 (BRG1), and SMARCA2 (BRM), have been implicated in ccRCC progression.

Climate resilience and profitability thresholds in Chesapeake Bay oyster aquaculture.

Shellfish aquaculture producers in coastal systems are facing uncertain future growing conditions as climate change alters weather patterns and raises sea level. We examined expected mid-century (2059-2068) changes in aquaculture profitability from recent conditions by integrating models of climate change, estuarine hydrodynamics and biogeochemistry, oyster growth, oyster mortality, and economics, using the Chesapeake Bay, USA as a case study. We developed an economic stochastic dynamic programming (SDP) approach that generates optimal grower behavior to maximize profits under uncertainty by dynamically choosing planting density, replanting and mitigation use, in response to changing oyster stock status and water quality conditions.

Continuity of Care and Lifestyle Intervention Programs for Spanish-Speaking Immigrants Without Health Insurance at a Free Clinic in Rhode Island.

Introduction: We conducted a retrospective cohort study to evaluate changes in metabolic biomarkers among participants in Bridging the [Health Equity] Gap (BTG), a free program run by Clínica Esperanza/Hope Clinic (CEHC) for Spanish-speaking immigrants without health insurance in Rhode Island.

Methods: From July 2019 through June 2021, 471 people volunteered to participate in the BTG program. Participants enrolled in lifestyle change classes and visited quarterly with health care providers.

AKT and the Hallmarks of Cancer.

Nearly a quarter century ago, Hanahan and Weinberg conceived six unifying principles explaining how normal cells transform into malignant tumors. Their provisional set of biological capabilities acquired during tumor development-cancer hallmarks-would evolve to 14 tenets as knowledge of cancer genomes, molecular mechanisms, and the tumor microenvironment expanded, most recently adding four emerging enabling characteristics: phenotypic plasticity, epigenetic reprogramming, polymorphic microbiomes, and senescent cells. AKT kinases are critical signaling molecules that regulate cellular physiology upon receptor tyrosine kinases and PI3K activation.