Self- versus clinician-collected swabs in anal cancer screening: A clinical trial.

Background: Risk of anal cancer is high in certain populations and screening involves collection of anal swabs for HPV DNA and/or cytology testing. However, barriers exist, such as the need for an intimate examination, and stigma around HIV status, sexual orientation, and sexual practices. Self-collected anal swabs (SCA) are a proposed alternative to clinician-collected swabs (CCA) to overcome these barriers.

Biomarkers.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been mainly thought of as a disease involving gray matter changes. However, despite known correlations between white matter integrity and cognition, less is known about how disruptions to white matter during the development of AD underpin cognitive impairment. This study tests the associations between disruptions to white matter along the AD clinical continuum (cognitive unimpaired (CU): cognitive impaired (CI) - Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and AD) and cognition using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and multi-tissue neurite and orientation dispersion and density imaging (mtNODDI) models of the multi-shell connectome diffusion MRI (ms-dMRI) data from the Alzheimer's Disease Connectome Project (ADCP).

Biomarkers.

Background: Early onset dementia (EOD) affects people at the peak of their personal and professional responsibilities and economic productivity. Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD) are the most common EOD etiologies in Non-Latinx White adults (NLW). Black and Latinx older adults bear a disproportionate burden of dementia compared to NLW, likely due to vulnerabilities that confer increased risk, such as cardiovascular factors, socioeconomic stressors, and structural racism.

Public Health.

Background: The IDEAL study is a randomized clinical trial investigating the psychosocial, behavioral, and cognitive impacts of genetic risk disclosure for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) among Latinos.

Methods: We used address-based sampling in northern Manhattan to recruit Latinos aged 40-64 for a community-based survey and clinical trial. Data collection encompasses demographics, Alzheimer's disease (AD) family history, knowledge and beliefs about AD and genetics, current mental health status, acculturation, impact of COVID-19, familism, fatalism, caregiver status, and prior AD genetic testing.

Biomarkers.

Background: Blood-based biomarker testing (BBT) for Alzheimer's disease (AD) to detect amyloid-beta and tau is becoming part of dementia care, with likely future clinical use in asymptomatic populations. Little is known about older adults' awareness of BBT or their perceptions of its potential benefits, risks, and limitations.

Method: We analyzed data from the March 2023 fielding of the University of Michigan National Poll on Healthy Aging, a nationally representative web and telephone survey of community-dwelling older U.