Limited evidence of infection with other tick-borne pathogens in patients tested for Lyme neuroborreliosis in the Netherlands.

Ixodes ricinus is the main vector of the causative agents of Lyme neuroborreliosis. This tick species can also transmit tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), spotted fever group (SFG) Rickettsia and Borrelia miyamotoi to humans. These tick-borne pathogens are present in Dutch ticks and have also been associated with human neurological infections, but well characterized disease cases are seldom reported.

Exposure, infection and disease with the tick-borne pathogen Borrelia miyamotoi in the Netherlands and Sweden, 2007-2019.

The impact of the emerging tick-borne pathogen Borrelia miyamotoi is not fully understood. We utilised a protein array to investigate B. miyamotoi seroreactivity in various human populations in the Netherlands and Sweden.

Bridging the gap: Insights in the immunopathology of Lyme borreliosis.

Lyme borreliosis (LB), caused by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (Bbsl) genospecies transmitted by Ixodes spp. ticks, is a significant public health concern in the Northern Hemisphere. This review highlights the complex interplay between Bbsl infection and host-immune responses, impacting clinical manifestations and long-term immunity.

Combining short- and long-read sequencing unveils geographically structured diversity in .

is an emerging tick-borne human pathogen in the Northern hemisphere. The aim of the current study was to compare whole genome sequences of isolates from different continents. Using a combination of Illumina and PacBio platforms and a novel genome assembly and plasmid typing pipeline, we reveal that the 21 sequenced isolates and publically available genomes from North America, Asia, and Europe form genetically distinct populations and cluster according to their geographical origin, where distinct species are endemic.