Terahertz Science and Technology in Astronomy, Telecommunications, and Biophysics.

This paper reviews recent developments and key advances in terahertz (THz) science, technology, and applications, focusing on 3 core areas: astronomy, telecommunications, and biophysics. In THz astronomy, it highlights major discoveries and ongoing projects, emphasizing the role of advanced superconducting technologies, including superconductor-insulator-superconductor (SIS) mixers, hot electron boundedness spectroscopy (HEB), transition-edge sensors (TESs), and kinetic inductance detectors (KIDs), while exploring prospects in the field. For THz telecommunication, it discusses progress in solid-state sources, new communication technologies operating within the THz band, and diverse modulation methods that enhance transmission capabilities.

Identification of a potential homeodomain-like gene governing leaf size and venation architecture in birch.

Leaf vein, an essential part of leaf architecture, plays significant roles in shaping the proper leaf size. To date, the molecular mechanisms governing leaf development including leaf venation patterning remains poorly understood in birch. Here, we performed the genome-wide identification of homeodomain-like (HD-like) superfamily genes using phylogenetic analysis and revealed the functional role of a potential HD-like gene in leaf growth and development using transgenic technology and transcriptomic sequencing.

Improving long-term postoperative survival in a porcine cardiac valve surgery model utilizing cardiopulmonary bypass via left thoracotomy: a single-center experience sharing insights.

Objective: The objective of this study was to improve long-term postoperative survival in a porcine cardiac valve surgery model by utilizing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) via left thoracotomy. The study aimed to share refined techniques and insights accumulated over years at a single-center animal clinical trial facility.

Method: A total of 196 Chinese Large White pigs weighing between 60 and 75 kg were used in the study.

Broad-Temperature Optical Thermometry via Dual Sensitivity of Self-Trapped Excitons Lifetime and Higher-Order Phonon Anharmonicity in Lead-Free Perovskites.

Broad-temperature optical thermometry necessitates materials with exceptional sensitivity and stability across varied thermal conditions, presenting challenges for conventional systems. Here, we report a lead-free, vacancy-ordered perovskite Cs2TeCl6, that achieves precise temperature sensing through a novel combination of self-trapped excitons (STEs) photoluminescence (PL) lifetime modulation and unprecedented fifth-order phonon anharmonicity. The STEs PL lifetime demonstrates a highly temperature-sensitive response from 200 to 300 K, ideal for low-to-intermediate thermal sensing.

Unveiling the role of NiFeM hydroxide (M = Pt, Ru, Ir, Rh) cocatalysts for robust H production in photocatalytic water splitting.

In this study, the NiFe-LDH doped with different Pt group metals (Pt, Ru, Ir, Rh) was prepared as a cocatalyst for photocatalytic H production over g-CN. It is found that the doped NiFe-LDH loaded g-CN generally displays higher photocatalytic activity than the raw NiFe-LDH modified one, where the NiFeRu-LDH loaded g-CN shows the optimal H evolution rate of 77.4 μmol h, about 5.