Publications by authors named "J W Charboneau"
Objective: Results of ethanol ablation (EA) for controlling neck nodal metastases (NNM) in adult patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (APTC) beyond 6 months have rarely been reported. We now describe outcome results in controlling 71 NNM in 40 node-positive stage I APTC patients followed for 66 to 269 months.
Methods: All 40 patients were managed with bilateral thyroidectomy and radioiodine therapy and followed with neck ultrasound (US) for >48 months after EA.
Premise: Astragalus (Fabaceae), with more than 3000 species, represents a globally successful radiation of morphologically highly similar species predominant across the northern hemisphere. It has attracted attention from systematists and biogeographers, who have asked what factors might be behind the extraordinary diversity of this important arid-adapted clade and what sets it apart from close relatives with far less species richness.
Methods: Here, for the first time using extensive phylogenetic sampling, we asked whether (1) Astragalus is uniquely characterized by bursts of radiation or whether diversification instead is uniform and no different from closely related taxa.
Article Synopsis
- Firmiana danxiaensis is a critically endangered tree found in specific habitats in northern Guangdong, China, making it a key species for studying adaptive evolution.
- Researchers sequenced the complete chloroplast genomes of F. danxiaensis from four locations, revealing a similar structure and gene composition across samples, but with notable differences in codon preferences depending on the habitat type.
- The study identified genes under positive selection linked to adaptation and provided new insights into the species’ phylogenetic relationships, which could enhance our understanding of its conservation and population genetics.
Article Synopsis
- * A study focused on Scaptomyza, a genus related to Drosophila, found that herbivorous species have fewer chemosensory and detoxification genes compared to nonherbivorous species, with higher rates of gene turnover in certain families.
- * The most affected genes are related to detecting plant toxins and compounds from their ancestral diet, shedding light on the genetic basis of herbivory and identifying gene candidates relevant to dietary changes in Drosophila. *
Herbivorous insects are exceptionally diverse, accounting for a quarter of all known eukaryotic species, but the genetic basis of adaptations that enabled this dietary transition remains poorly understood. Many studies have suggested that expansions and contractions of chemosensory and detoxification gene families - genes directly mediating interactions with plant chemical defenses - underlie successful plant colonization. However, this hypothesis has been challenging to test because the origins of herbivory in many lineages are ancient (>150 million years ago [mya]), obscuring genomic evolutionary patterns.
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