Exploring the Use of Smartwatches and Activity Trackers for Health-Related Purposes for Children Aged 5 to 11 years: Systematic Review.

Background:  Digital health interventions targeting behavior change are promising in adults and adolescents; however, less attention has been given to younger children. The proliferation of wearables, such as smartwatches and activity trackers, that support the collection of and reflection on personal health data highlights an opportunity to consider novel approaches to supporting health in young children (aged 5-11 y).

Objective:  This review aims to investigate how smartwatches and activity trackers have been used across child health interventions (for children aged 5-11 y) for different health areas, specifically to identify the population characteristics of those being targeted, describe the characteristics of the devices being used, and report the feasibility and acceptability of these devices for health-related applications with children.

Myosin-based nucleation of actin filaments contributes to stereocilia development critical for hearing.

Assembly of actin-based stereocilia is critical for cochlear hair cells to detect sound. To tune their mechanosensivity, stereocilia form bundles composed of graded rows of ascending height, necessitating the precise control of actin polymerization. Myosin 15 (MYO15A) drives hair bundle development by delivering critical proteins to growing stereocilia that regulate actin polymerization via an unknown mechanism.

Common Comorbidities and a Comparison of 4 Comorbidity Indices in Patients Undergoing Orthopaedic Oncology Surgery.

Background: Comorbidity indices are used to help to estimate patients' length of hospital stay, care costs, outcomes, and mortality. Increasingly, they are considered in reimbursement models. The applicability of comorbidity indices to patients undergoing orthopaedic oncology surgery has not been studied.

Vitamins as excipients in pharmaceutical products.

Excipients are ingredients in pharmaceutical products other than the active ingredient, added to facilitate manufacturing, enhance stability or modulate release and bioavailability. Vitamins are diverse molecules essential for human nutrition that also can fulfil excipient functions. This review focuses on vitamins used as excipients and provides an overview of the functions of vitamins in various pharmaceutical formulations.

Association of Impaired Relaxation Mitral Inflow Pattern (Grade 1 Diastolic Function) with Long-term Non-Cardiovascular and Cardiovascular Mortality.

Background: Abnormalities of left ventricular (LV) diastolic function are established independent predictors of heart failure (HF) and mortality.

Objectives: To determine whether the association of diastolic function with all-cause mortality is driven by cardiovascular or non-cardiovascular death and if impaired relaxation mitral inflow filling pattern is a risk marker.

Methods: Diastolic function was graded by the Mayo Clinic algorithm utilizing the well characterized prospective Olmsted County Heart Function Study.