A randomised crossover trial on the effects of foot starting position on calf raise test outcomes: Position does matter.

Background: This randomised crossover study with repeated measures examined the influence of the three most common foot starting positions used in conducting the calf raise test (CRT) on test outcomes. This study also accounted for the potential influence of gender, age, body mass index (BMI), and level of physical activity on test outcomes.

Methods: Forty-nine healthy individuals (59 % female, 21 ± 4 years) performed single-leg calf raise repetitions in a human movement laboratory in three randomised foot starting positions: flat, 10° incline, and step.

Concurrent validity and reliability of a mobile iOS application used to assess calf raise test kinematics.

Background: Calf raise test (CRT) is used in rehabilitation and sports medicine to evaluate calf muscle function. The Calf Raise application (CR) uses computer-vision algorithms to objectively measure CRT outcomes and replicate laboratory-based metrics that are difficult to measure clinically.

Objective: To validate the CR by examining its concurrent validity and agreement levels against laboratory-based equipment, and its intra- and inter-rater reliability.

Ancient DNA reveals five streams of migration into Micronesia and matrilocality in early Pacific seafarers.

Micronesia began to be peopled earlier than other parts of Remote Oceania, but the origins of its inhabitants remain unclear. We generated genome-wide data from 164 ancient and 112 modern individuals. Analysis reveals five migratory streams into Micronesia.

The Influence of Asymptomatic Hypermobility on Unanticipated Cutting Biomechanics.

Background: Generalized joint hypermobility is an important risk factor for knee injuries, including to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Examining movement patterns specific to hypermobile individuals during sport-specific movements could facilitate development of targeted recommendations and injury prevention programs for this population.

Hypothesis: Asymptomatic hypermobile participants will present kinematics measures suggestive of a greater risk of noncontact knee or ACL injuries.

Which jump-landing task best represents lower extremity and trunk kinematics of unanticipated cutting maneuver?

Background: The double-leg jump-landing (DLJL) task is commonly used as a movement screen that can be implemented in large cohorts of athletes. However, it is debatable whether the DLJL is ecologically valid and reflects sporting requirements or injury-prone situations, such as cutting and pivoting.

Research Question: Which jump-landing movement variation best represents the kinematics of unanticipated side-step cutting?

Methods: Forty-two participants (25 males and 17 females) performed unanticipated side-step cutting and four jump-landing tasks: DLJL, rotated DLJL (DLJL), single-leg jump-landing (SLJL), and rotated SLJL (SLJL).