Satellite-derived mineral mapping and monitoring of weathering, deposition and erosion.

The Earth's surface comprises minerals diagnostic of weathering, deposition and erosion. The first continental-scale mineral maps generated from an imaging satellite with spectral bands designed to measure clays, quartz and other minerals were released in 2012 for Australia. Here we show how these satellite mineral maps improve our understanding of weathering, erosional and depositional processes in the context of changing weather, climate and tectonics.

Granulocyte selected live Salmonella enteritidis vaccine is species specific.

Selection of Salmonellae from granulocytes may result in safe and effective vaccine strains. We demonstrated that the reduced virulence of such strains is limited to the species in which the selection was made. Repeated (sequential) selection of Salmonella enteritidis from chicken granulocytes yielded an avirulent strain for chickens.