Racial and Socioeconomic Disparities in Risk and Reason for Revision Total Shoulder Arthroplasty.

Background: With the rise of total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA), revision TSA is also becoming more prominent. However, there is a paucity of literature on potential racial, ethnic and socioeconomic disparities regarding revision TSA. The purpose of this study is to determine the risk and reason for revision TSA between racial, ethnic and socioeconomic groups.

A matter of timing: Biting by malaria-infected Anopheles mosquitoes and the use of interventions during the night in rural south-eastern Tanzania.

Knowing when and where infected mosquitoes bite is required for estimating accurate measures of malaria risk, assessing outdoor exposure, and designing intervention strategies. This study combines secondary analyses of a human behaviour survey and an entomological survey carried out in the same area to estimate human exposure to malaria-infected Anopheles mosquitoes throughout the night in rural villages in south-eastern Tanzania. Mosquitoes were collected hourly from 6PM to 6AM indoors and outdoors by human landing catches in 2019, and tested for Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite infections using ELISA.

Distinct network patterns emerge from Cartesian and XOR epistasis models: a comparative network science analysis.

Background: Epistasis, the phenomenon where the effect of one gene (or variant) is masked or modified by one or more other genes, significantly contributes to the phenotypic variance of complex traits. Traditionally, epistasis has been modeled using the Cartesian epistatic model, a multiplicative approach based on standard statistical regression. However, a recent study investigating epistasis in obesity-related traits has identified potential limitations of the Cartesian epistatic model, revealing that it likely only detects a fraction of the genetic interactions occurring in natural systems.

Investigating context-specific sedentary behaviours and cardiometabolic health in college-based young adults (CONTEXT-SB): a protocol for a longitudinal observational study.

Background: Sedentary behaviour (SB) is detrimental to cardiometabolic disease (CMD) risk, which can begin in young adulthood. To devise effective SB-CMD interventions in young adults, it is important to understand which context-specific SB (CS-SB) are most detrimental for CMD risk, the lifestyle behaviours that cluster with CS-SBs and the socioecological predictors of CS-SB.

Methods And Analysis: This longitudinal observational study will recruit 500 college-aged (18-24 years) individuals.

Don't Sleep on Sleep: A Case Report from a Division I Heptathlete.

A female NCAA Division I track athlete experienced non-localized shin pain midway through her first season, which was diagnosed as medial tibial stress syndrome. Treatments included strengthening and range of motion exercises, reduced training volume, and pain control modalities, but symptoms worsened. It was revealed she had been suffering from severe sleep deprivation (<3 hours/night) contributing to bilateral tibial and fibular stress reactions.