Detection of congestive heart failure by mitral annular displacement in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy - concordance between tissue Doppler imaging-derived tissue tracking and M-mode.

Introduction: The left ventricular systolic longitudinal function, traditionally measured by M-mode-derived mitral annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE), is reduced in feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and further reduced in cats with left-sided congestive heart failure (CHF). The objectives of this study were to compare longitudinal displacement measured by tissue tracking (TT-LD) and MAPSE in feline HCM and assess these methods' ability to differentiate CHF from preclinical HCM. A further objective was to provide preliminary reference intervals for TT-LD.

[Early achievements of the Danish pharmaceutical industry--8. Lundbeck].

The article series provides a written and pictorial account of the Danish pharmaceutical industry's products from their introduction until about 1950. Part 8 deals with products from Lundbeck. Lundbeck which today is known as a considerable international pharmaceutical company could in 2015 celebrate its 100 years' jubilee.

[Early achievements of the Danish pharmaceutical industry-7].

A/S GEA Farmaceutisk Fabrik was established as a family business in 1927 by the pharmacist Knud L. Gad Andresen who until then had been employed in the pharmaceutical industry. Gad Andresen wanted to run a company focusing on the development of generics, and he wanted this development to take place in a close cooperation with Danish physicians.

[Early achievements of the Danish pharmaceutical industry-6 Pharmacia].

The article series provides a written and pictorial account of the Danish pharmaceutical industry's products from their introduction until about 1950. Part 6 deals with products from A/S Pharmacia. A/S Pharmacia was established in Copenhagen in 1922 as a Danish limited company by the enterprising pharmacist Edward Jacobsen.

[Early achievements of the Danish pharmaceutical industry--3. Alfred Benzon].

The article series provides a written and pictorial account of the Danish pharmaceutical industry's products from their introduction until about 1950. Part 3 deals with products from the company founded by Alfred Benzon in 1849. Alfred Nicolai Benzon owned the Swan Pharmacy in Copenhagen.