Aiolos promotes CXCR3 expression on Th1 cells via positive regulation of IFN-γ/STAT1 signaling.

CD4+ T helper 1 (Th1) cells coordinate adaptive immune responses to intracellular pathogens, including viruses. Key to this function is the ability of Th1 cells to migrate within secondary lymphoid tissues, as well as to sites of inflammation, which relies on signals received through the chemokine receptor CXCR3. CXCR3 expression is driven by the Th1 lineage-defining transcription factor T-bet and the cytokine-responsive STAT family members STAT1 and STAT4.

The adjuvant BcfA activates antigen presenting cells through TLR4 and supports T and T1 while attenuating T2 gene programming.

Introduction: Adjuvants added to subunit vaccines augment antigen-specific immune responses. One mechanism of adjuvant action is activation of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) on innate immune cells. colonization factor A (BcfA); an outer membrane protein with adjuvant function, activates T1/T17-polarized immune responses to protein antigens from and SARS CoV-2.

Status of Interprofessional Education (IPE) Implementation in Asian Nursing Schools.

Background And Objective: Interprofessional Education (IPE) is a necessary step in preparing a collaborative practice-ready health workforce that is better prepared to respond to local and global health needs. This study examined the status of IPE implementation in Asian nursing schools in the World Health Organization (WHO) Western Pacific Region (WPR).

Methods: Descriptive online survey research design was utilized, supplemented by online interviews.

Exploring the status and critical issues in mixed methods research in doctoral nursing education in the Philippines.

Background: Mixed methods research (MMR) can be a pathway for doctoral nursing students to create innovative and noble contributions for the advancement of nursing theory, practice, and education. Several issues and challenges must be identified to successfully train, mentor, and support doctoral nursing students in conducting MMR.

Aim: The study aimed to explore the status and critical issues in conducting, mentoring, and training MMR in doctoral nursing programs in the Philippines.

Cytotoxic Programming of CD4+ T Cells Is Regulated by Opposing Actions of the Related Transcription Factors Eos and Aiolos.

In contrast to the "helper" activities of most CD4+ T effector subsets, CD4+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CD4-CTLs) perform functions normally associated with CD8+ T and NK cells. Specifically, CD4-CTLs secrete cytotoxic molecules and directly target and kill compromised cells in an MHC class II-restricted fashion. The functions of these cells have been described in diverse immunological contexts, including their ability to provide protection during antiviral and antitumor responses, as well as being implicated in autoimmunity.