Blood chimerism in a girl with Down syndrome and possible freemartin effect leading to aplasia of the Müllerian derivatives.

Cytogenetic and molecular genetic analysis in a case of sex-discordant dizygotic twins revealed blood chimerism in the girl (46,XY in blood and 47,XX, + 21 in fibroblasts) caused by feto-fetal transfusion from her healthy brother. The girl presented with Down syndrome, aplasia of the uterus and the Fallopian tubes and normal female external genitalia. We propose that the lack of Müllerian structures is caused by the effect of the Müllerian inhibiting substance transferred from the male to the female twin in early pregnancy.

Laparoscopic appendectomy in children with Enterobius vermicularis.

As surgeons gain more experience with laparoscopy in children, it is becoming apparent that one of the best applications of the technique is for appendicitis. The advantages of laparoscopic appendectomy include a better cosmetic result, particularly in young female patients, a shorter recovery time, and an early return to normal activities. In the differential diagnosis of appendicitis, the association of Enterobius vermicularis (pinworms) inflammation in the pediatric age group is not uncommon.

[Electron microscopy assessment of the effectiveness of intraoperative laser in reoperation of juvenile bone cysts].

The application of the ND-YAG-Laser in juvenile bone cysts prevents recurrencies. That can be put down to the fact that the laser has a deep action which destroys the organells of the cystic tissue up to 2-4 mm irreversibly. By this the whole cystic tissue is being destroyed and recurrencies are being prevented.

[Intraoperative endoscopy in pediatric surgery: indications and results].

Intraoperative endoscopy in pediatric surgery was first performed in Germany at the begining of 1972. This method is an optical support for the surgeon to recognize pathological-anatomical alterations by the effect of the diaphanoscopy. It concerns primarily the upper and lower gastrointestinal systems as well as the tracheobronchial system.

[Post-traumatic gaseous gangrene in childhood: a case report].

Gas gangrene is caused by multiple species of Chlostridium, generally as a complication of traumatismus producing necrotic infections. This kind of infection is rare and specially uncommon in childhood. A case of post-traumatic Chlostridium perfringens infection is presented in a two year old girl after an open fracture of the hand.