Quantification of maternal and fetal valaciclovir exposure in a pharmacokinetic study of cytomegalovirus-infected pregnant women treated to prevent vertical transmission.

Background: In cases of maternal primary infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV-MPI) maternal treatment with oral valaciclovir 8 g/day has been shown to reduce the risk of fetal infection. The pharmacological profile of this high dosage during pregnancy is not yet known.

Objectives: To quantify maternal-fetal exposure to valaciclovir 8 g/day in a population pharmacokinetic (popPK) study.

Birth defects reporting and the use of dydrogesterone: a disproportionality analysis from the World Health Organization pharmacovigilance database (VigiBase).

Study Question: Is there an association between dydrogesterone exposure during early pregnancy and the reporting of birth defects?

Summary Answer: This observational analysis based on global safety data showed an increased reporting of birth defects, mainly hypospadias and congenital heart defects (CHD), in pregnancies exposed to dydrogesterone, especially when comparing to progesterone.

What Is Known Already: Intravaginal administration of progesterone is the standard of care to overcome luteal phase progesterone deficiency induced by ovarian stimulation in ART. In recent years, randomized controlled clinical trials demonstrated that oral dydrogesterone was non-inferior for pregnancy rate at 12 weeks of gestation and could be an alternative to micronized vaginal progesterone.

Impact of pediatric continuous renal replacement therapy parameters on meropenem, piperacillin, and tazobactam pharmacokinetics: an model.

Background: Limited data exist on how continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) affects antimicrobial dosing in pediatric patients. This study examined the impact of pediatric CRRT parameters on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of meropenem, piperacillin, and tazobactam using an in vitro CRRT model.

Research Design And Methods: An in vitro CRRT model with a pediatric ST60 circuit was used to assess antimicrobial clearance during continuous veno-venous hemodialysis (CVVHD) or hemofiltration (CVVH).

Prenatal Exposure to Proton Pump Inhibitors and Risk of Serious Infections in Offspring During the First Year of Life: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Introduction And Objective: Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use in children increases the risk of infections, prompting inquiry into the impact of prenatal PPIs exposure on serious infections in offspring. As a research gap in this area exists, this study aimed to address it by assessing the association between prenatal PPIs exposure and serious infections in infants during their first year of life.

Methods: Using the French health insurance data warehouse (SNDS) (2013-2018), we conducted a retrospective cohort study on singleton, full-term liveborn non-immunocompromised infants, stratified by PPI use during the first three months of life (early-life use).

Beta-Lactam Antibiotic Exposure During Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: Retrospective Cohort Analysis of Drug Levels Using Standard Dosing, 2018-2020.

Objectives: Children on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) are at high risk of infection that may worsen prognosis. Even though treatment with beta-lactam antibiotics is frequent, dosing is not adapted to altered pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of children on ECMO. There is, therefore, a risk of inadequate drug levels when using standard dosing.