Protecting chickens against coccidiosis in floor pens by administering Eimeria oocysts using gel beads or spray vaccination.

Control of avian coccidiosis is increasingly being achieved by the administration of low doses of Eimeria oocysts to newly hatched chicks. The purpose of this study was to test the efficacy of gel beads containing a mixture of Eimeria acervulina, Eimeria maxima, and Eimeria tenella oocysts as a vaccine to protect broilers raised in contact with litter. Newly hatched chicks were either sprayed with an aqueous suspension of Eimeria oocysts or were allowed to ingest feed containing Eimeria oocysts-incorporated gel beads.

Experimental induction of reduced ovarian reserve in a nonhuman primate model (Macaca fascicularis).

Chronic diseases including coronary heart disease and osteoporosis represent a substantial health burden to postmenopausal women, yet the initiation of these conditions and their relationships with reproductive aging remain poorly understood. This situation is due, in part, to the lack of animal models reflecting ovarian and hormonal characteristics of peri- and postmenopausal women. Ovaries of women approaching menopause are nearly depleted of primordial follicles but retain a pool of larger developing follicles and androgen-producing stroma, a condition known as reduced ovarian reserve (ROR).

Microcapsule-gel formulation of promethazine HCl for controlled nasal delivery: a motion sickness medication.

The current method of choice for astronauts to treat space motion sickness is an intra-muscular injection of promethazine hydrochloride (PMZ HCl) which is invasive and causes considerable local irritation and discomfort at the site of injection. Intra-nasal delivery is considered a feasible alternative route for administration of medications to treat space motion sickness. The purpose of this research is to develop a PMZ HCl formulation that can be administered intra-nasally without irritation (i.

Mucosal delivery of cytotoxic therapeutic agents: response of rat nasal mucosa to microencapsulated ethopropazine HCl enantiomer.

Use of microencapsulation technology in combination with absorption enhancers eliminated epithelium irritation and necrosis commonly associated with nasal delivery of cytotoxic therapeutic agents. Phenothiazines, such as ethopropazine (ETZ), promethazine, trimeprazine and propiomazine have been used for the treatment of allergenic conditions, motion sickness, nausea, Parkinson's disease, Prion disease and as a sedative for psychiatric disorders. The enantiomers of commercially available racemic phenothiazines were isolated and purified using classical diastereomeric salt techniques.