Comparison of Mammography and Mammography with Supplemental Whole-Breast US Tomography for Cancer Detection in Patients with Dense Breasts.

Background: Women with dense breasts benefit from supplemental cancer screening with US, but US has low specificity.

Purpose: To evaluate the performance of breast US tomography (UST) combined with full-field digital mammography (FFDM) compared with FFDM alone for breast cancer screening in women with dense breasts.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective multireader multicase study included women with dense breasts who underwent FFDM and UST at 10 centers between August 2017 and October 2019 as part of a prospective case collection registry.

Genomic characterization of HLA class I and class II genes in ethnically diverse sub-Saharan African populations: A report on novel HLA alleles.

HLA allelic variation has been well studied and documented in many parts of the world. However, African populations have been relatively under-represented in studies of HLA variation. We have characterized HLA variation from 489 individuals belonging to 13 ethnically diverse populations from rural communities from the African countries of Botswana, Cameroon, Ethiopia, and Tanzania, known to practice traditional subsistence lifestyles using next generation sequencing (Illumina) and long-reads from Oxford Nanopore Technologies.

Impact of continuous learning on diagnostic breast MRI AI: evaluation on an independent clinical dataset.

We demonstrate continuous learning and assess its impact on the performance of artificial intelligence of breast dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in the task of distinguishing malignant from benign lesions on an independent clinical test dataset. The study included 1979 patients with 1990 lesions who underwent breast MR imaging during 2015, 2016, and 2017, retrospectively collected under an IRB-approved protocol; there were 1494 malignant and 496 benign lesions based on histopathology. AI was conducted in the task of distinguishing malignant and benign lesions, and independent testing was performed to assess the effect of increasing the numbers of training cases.

Robustness of radiomic features of benign breast lesions and hormone receptor positive/HER2-negative cancers across DCE-MR magnet strengths.

Radiomic features extracted from breast lesion images have shown potential in diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer. As medical centers transition from 1.5 T to 3.

Breast MRI radiomics for the pretreatment prediction of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in node-positive breast cancer patients.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate breast MRI radiomics in predicting, prior to any treatment, the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with invasive lymph node (LN)-positive breast cancer for two tasks: (1) prediction of pathologic complete response and (2) prediction of post-NAC LN status. Our study included 158 patients, with 19 showing post-NAC complete pathologic response (pathologic TNM stage T0,N0,MX) and 139 showing incomplete response. Forty-two patients were post-NAC LN-negative, and 116 were post-NAC LN-positive.