Stabilization of Anterior Aspect of Distal Tibiofibular Syndesmosis: A Fully Arthroscopic Technique.

The anteroinferior tibiofibular ligament (AITFL) is 1 of the 4 ligaments forming the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis. When damaged, it is crucial to assess and address the lesion properly because a neglected or underdiagnosed lesion may invoke ankle osteoarthritis with underlying tibiofibular joint instability. In this technical note, we present a fully arthroscopic stabilization of the AITFL without the need for soft-tissue grafting.

Decreased miRNA-320e correlates with allergy in children with otitis media with effusion.

Objective: Otitis media with effusion (OME) is a common childhood disease and the main cause of conductive hearing loss in this age group. Many factors predispose to OME but allergy is still widely disputed. The answer may lay in the molecular mechanisms of ear exudate formation and the recent studies showed miRNAs might take part in it.

Truncating mutations in exons 20 and 21 of can cause primary ciliary dyskinesia without associated syndromic symptoms.

Background: Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a motile ciliopathy, whose symptoms include airway infections, male infertility and . Apart from the typical forms of PCD, rare syndromic PCD forms exist. Mutations of the X-linked gene cause several syndromic ciliopathies, including oral-facial-digital syndrome type 1, Joubert syndrome type 10 (JBTS10), and Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome type 2, the latter causing the X-linked syndromic form of PCD.

The EXIT (ex-utero intrapartum treatment) procedure - from the paediatric ENT perspective.

The main principle of the EXIT procedure is to maintain uteroplacental circulation with neonatal anaesthesia by controlled uterine hypotonia. This enables securing the foetal airways and decompress or resect large neck and mediastinal foetal masses. The authors present their experience with use of the EXIT procedure in 7 foetuses in whom evaluation and management of the airways were performed.