Reactivity of anthocyanins and pyranoanthocyanins. Studies on aromatic hydrogen-deuterium exchange reactions in methanol.

Reactivity studies involving anthocyanin structures and their equilibrium forms will lead to better understanding of the properties of these antioxidants. Hydrogen-deuterium (H --> D) exchange reactions at various sites of the 3-glucosides of delphinidin (1), petunidin (2), malvidin (3), and the corresponding 3-glucosides of carboxypyranodelphinidin (4), carboxypyranopetunidin (5), carboxypyranomalvidin (6), and the flavonol quercetin 3-O-(6-alpha-rhamnopyranosyl-beta-glucopyranoside)(7) have been examined at room temperature in pure CD 3OD and in CD 3OD acidified with CF 3CO 2D. The H --> D exchange rate constants of H-6 and H-8 of 2 determined from (1)H NMR integration data were found to be independent upon pigment concentration (up to 4 x 10 (-2) M) and trifluoroactic acid concentration (0-15%, v/v), respectively.

Thia fatty acids with the sulfur atom in even or odd positions have opposite effects on fatty acid catabolism.

As tools for mechanistic studies on lipid metabolism, with the long-term goal of developing a drug for the treatment of lipid disorders, thia FA with the sulfur atom inserted at positions 3-9 from the carboxyl group were fed to male Wistar rats for 1 wk to determine their impact on key parameters in lipid metabolism and hepatic levels of thia FA metabolites. Thia FA with the sulfur atom in even positions decreased hepatic and cardiac mitochondrial beta-oxidation and profoundly increased hepatic and cardiac TAG levels. The plasma TAG level was unchanged and the hepatic acyl-CoA oxidase activity increased.

(n-Nitrophenyl)acetonitrile, with n = 2, 3 and 4.

The molecular structures of the three title nitro-substituted phenylacetonitriles, C(8)H(6)N(2)O(2), at 123 K show that the molecules are linked together very differently. In the 2- and 4-nitro compounds, there are both O..

[4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl]acetonitrile.

The crystal structure of the title compound, C(9)H(6)F(3)N, at 123 K contains molecules linked together via several C-H...

4-(Trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile.

4-(Trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile, C(8)H(4)F(3)N, at 123K contains molecules linked together through one C-H...