Production efficiency and safety assessment of the solid waste-derived liquid hydrocarbons.

Global fossil resource utilisation remains a concern. Organic fuels and chemicals produced through catalytic synthesis out of biomass/waste feedstock can help reduce the share of fossil resource utilisation. In this study, a solid waste-derived producer gas from the cross/updraft sliding bed gasification process was applied in a fixed bed catalytic reactor with the goal of producing rich hydrocarbon chains.

Hyperfine resolved Fourier transform microwave and millimeter-wave spectroscopy of the iodomethyl radical, CH2I (X2B1).

Fourier-transform microwave and millimeter-wave spectra of the iodomethyl radical, CH(2)I, have been observed in the ground vibronic state in the frequency ranges 17-38 GHz and 200-610 GHz, respectively. The pi-electron radical was produced either by iodine abstraction from diiodomethane (CH(2)I(2)) or by hydrogen abstraction from iodomethane (CH(3)I). Seventy-three hyperfine resolved lines owing to the two hydrogen and to the iodine nuclei have been detected in the microwave region, including K(a) = 0 (ortho species) and K(a) = 1 (para species).

Dispersion of light and heavy pollutants in urban scale models: CO(2) laser photoacoustic studies.

The distribution of pollutants in two urban scale models (point emission source and street canyon with extensive transport) was investigated by means of CO(2) laser photoacoustic spectroscopy in the region of the atmospheric window (9-10 mum). The experimental results of physical modeling are in a good agreement with the numerical calculations performed in the frame of computational fluid dynamic (CFD) modeling. Methanol, ethanol, and ozone (examples of light pollutants), as well as sulfur hexafluoride and 1,2 dichlorethane (examples of heavy pollutants), were selected on the basis of their high resolution spectra acquired by Fourier transform and laser diode spectroscopy.