Self-defense of human sarcoma cells against cytolytic lymphoid cells of their host.

Metastatic human sarcomas temporarily respond to radio-chemotherapy relapse and remain highly resistant to further combination chemotherapy as to a curative effect, including checkpoint control.

Large Granular Lymphoid Cells Discovered First in the Human Blood as "Burnet's Immune Surveillance Cells" (1969) Are Identical with the Late-Designation "Natural Killer Cells" (1975).

The cytolytic large granular lymphoid cells first observed in his own blood by this author "as healthy control" in the late 1960s were referred to as "Burnet's immune surveillance cells". These cells killed autologous/allogeneic malignantly transformed cells close to immediately upon their contact. Healthy individuals and patients with cancers possessed these large granular lymphoid cells.

The cnidarian origin of the proto-oncogenes NF-κB/STAT and WNT-like oncogenic pathway drives the ctenophores (Review).

The cell survival pathways of the diploblastic early multicellular eukaryotic hosts contain and operate the molecular machinery resembling those of malignantly transformed individual cells of highly advanced multicellular hosts (including Homo). In the present review, the STAT/NF-κB pathway of the cnidarian Nematostella vectensis is compared with that of human tumors (malignant lymphomas, including Reed-Sternberg cells) pointing out similarities, including possible viral initiation in both cases. In the ctenophore genome and proteome, β-catenin gains intranuclear advantages due to a physiologically weak destructive complex in the cytoplasm, and lack of natural inhibitors (the dickkopfs).