Welfare myths: the transmission of values and work among TANF families.

Both "welfare culture" arguments and structural explanations of poverty suggest that attitudes may have an effect on work and welfare outcomes. However, most scholars only examine objective behaviors and characteristics despite the fact that values are an underlying mechanism in explanations of the transmission of welfare and work behavior. Using data from a survey of recent welfare recipients in Louisiana and structural equation methods, we analyze causal relationships among family background, socioeconomic characteristics, attitudes, and two outcomes--TANF participation and employment.

Early detection of sternal dehiscence by conventional chest X-ray.

Background: Diagnosis of sternal dehiscence after sternotomy for cardiac surgery is still made clinically. The aim of this study was to identify radiographic signs of sternal dehiscence by routine chest X-ray (CXR) in patients with and without clinically diagnosed sternal dehiscence.

Methods: 75 patients (group I: 65 +/- 9.

The Fontan-operation: from intra- to extracardiac procedure.

Purpose: For treatment of univentricular heart, the Fontan operation has been established as the definitive palliation. The current controversy is mainly based on the high incidence of arrhythmias after an intra-atrial lateral tunnel Fontan operation.

Methods: From January 1995 until April 2002, 46 children underwent a Fontan-type operation with or without a small fenestration.

Migration and race in the southern United States.

"Using data from the 1985-1990 [U.S.] County-to-County Migration Flow Files.

Migration and the growth of metropolitan areas in the third world.

"The purpose of the present paper [is] to investigate further the role of migration in developing countries by analyzing the components of population growth in 26 large metropolitan areas in Africa, Asia, and Latin America." The process of urban population growth is first described. Then, using data from censuses and official U.