A new guide for basic psychological support for persons affected by neglected tropical diseases: A peer support tool suitable for persons with a diagnosis of leprosy and lymphatic filariasis.

Background: People with disabilities due to neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), such as leprosy and lymphatic filariasis (LF), often encounter situations of stigma and discrimination that significantly impact their mental wellbeing. Mental wellbeing services are often not available at the peripheral level in NTD-endemic countries, and there is a need for such services. Basic psychological support for persons with NTDs (BPS-N) from peers is an important potential solution for addressing mental wellbeing problems.

The efficacy of an embryonic stem cell-based vaccine for lung cancer prevention depends on the undifferentiated state of the stem cells.

Based on the antigenic similarity between tumor cells and embryonic stem cells (ESCs), several recent studies report the use of intact murine ESCs or exosomes from murine ESCs as cancer vaccines. Since the capacity for self-renewal is one of the most specialized properties shared between ESCs and a subset of tumor cells, cancer stem cells (CSCs), we investigated whether the undifferentiated state of murine ESCs is essential for the prophylactic effectiveness of an ESC-based vaccine. The undifferentiated state of ES-D3, a murine ESC line, was essential for their anchorage-independent growth potential.

Oncologic outcomes for invasive squamous cell carcinoma with a clinically resolved biopsy site managed by watchful waiting: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Treatment of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma largely involves surgical excision. Few studies have examined oncologic outcomes of tumors managed by watchful waiting when the lesion appears resolved after the biopsy site has healed.

Objective: To describe oncologic outcomes for patients diagnosed with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma that was determined clinically resolved at follow-up and subsequently managed by watchful waiting.

Improving the Detection of Myelin Integrity in Multiple Sclerosis Using Selective Inversion Recovery for MRI With Quantitative Magnetization Transfer.

Background: Selective inversion recovery quantitative magnetization transfer (SIR-qMT)-derived macromolecular to free water pool size ratio (PSR) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)-derived radial diffusivity (RD) are potential metrics for assessing myelin integrity in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, establishing their accuracy in identifying tissue injury is essential for clinical translation.

Purpose: To compare the accuracy and Cohen's effect size (ES) of PSR and RD in detecting and quantifying tissue injury in early MS.

Endoscopic endonasal resection of a craniopharyngioma in a 23-month-old patient: illustrative case.

Background: Treatment of pediatric craniopharyngioma requires a multidisciplinary approach to counsel patients and families on the spectrum of treatment options, including biopsy, radiation, and/or resection. Gross-total resection can avoid radiation and its long-term comorbidities. In very young patients, this is of particular importance but is especially challenging because of anatomical considerations.