Ectopic and Visceral Fat Deposition in Lean and Obese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity are associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, cardiomyopathy, and cardiovascular mortality. Both show stronger links between ectopic and visceral fat deposition, and an increased cardiometabolic risk compared with subcutaneous fat.

Objectives: This study investigated whether lean patients (Ln) with T2D exhibit increased ectopic and visceral fat deposition and whether these are linked to cardiac and hepatic changes.

Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging predicts clinical outcomes in patients with chronic liver disease.

Background & Aims: Multiparametric magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has been demonstrated to quantify hepatic fibrosis, iron, and steatosis. The aim of this study was to determine if MR can be used to predict negative clinical outcomes in liver disease patients.

Methods: Patients with chronic liver disease (n=112) were recruited for MR imaging and data on the development of liver related clinical events were collected by medical records review.

The impact of temperature on the inactivation of enteric viruses in food and water: a review.

Temperature is considered as the major factor determining virus inactivation in the environment. Food industries, therefore, widely apply temperature as virus inactivating parameter. This review encompasses an overview of viral inactivation and virus genome degradation data from published literature as well as a statistical analysis and the development of empirical formulae to predict virus inactivation.

Phages of Bacteroides (GB-124): a novel tool for viral waterborne disease control?

Current fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) and emerging microbial source tracking (MST) methods may indicate the presence and even the likely source of water contamination, but they are less effective at determining the potential risk to health from human enteric viruses. This paper investigates the presence of human-specific phages (detected using a low-cost MST method) in municipal wastewaters (MW) and assesses whether they may be used effectively to screen for the likely presence of human adenovirus (HAdV) and norovirus (NoV). The findings demonstrated that all samples positive for HAdV and/or NoV also contained phages infecting Bacteroides GB-124 (mean = 4.

Virus hazards from food, water and other contaminated environments.

Numerous viruses of human or animal origin can spread in the environment and infect people via water and food, mostly through ingestion and occasionally through skin contact. These viruses are released into the environment by various routes including water run-offs and aerosols. Furthermore, zoonotic viruses may infect humans exposed to contaminated surface waters.