Reference intervals of two-dimensional speckle tracking-derived endocardial global longitudinal strain analysis in 132 healthy cats.

Introduction: The assessment of left ventricular myocardial deformation and function by two-dimensional speckle tracking-derived strain analysis is an established method in human cardiology. It also progressively gains recognition in veterinary cardiology in both dogs and cats.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to create reference intervals for two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (STE)-derived endocardial global longitudinal strain (GLS) in a population of healthy adult cats of different breeds.

Phrenic nerve stimulation for the treatment of central sleep apnea in patients with heart failure.

Objective: Central sleep apnea (CSA) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in patients with heart failure (HF). We aimed to explore the effectiveness of phrenic nerve stimulation (PNS) on CSA in patients with HF.

Methods: This was a prospective and non-randomized study.

Photonically synchronized large aperture radar for autonomous driving.

Fully autonomous driving, even under bad weather conditions, can be enabled by the use of multiple sensor systems including 5D radar imaging. In order to get three dimensional, high resolution images with Doppler and time tracking of the target, the radar needs to utilize a large number of transmit/receive modules. For proper beam forming, all of them demand synchronization.

Classical pituitary apoplexy: clinical features, management and outcome.

Objective: The term classical pituitary apoplexy describes a clinical syndrome characterized by sudden headache, vomiting, visual impairment and meningismus caused by the rapid enlargement of a pituitary adenoma usually due to haemorrhagic infarction of the tumour. Most published reports looking at the clinical features and management of pituitary apoplexy have not differentiated between patients with clinical and subclinical apoplexy, the latter diagnosed at surgery. Furthermore, little is reported on the clinical outcome, in particular visual and endocrinological, and the role of radiotherapy.