Background: Effects of ceramic translucency, layer thickness, and substrate colour on the shade of lithium disilicate glass-ceramic restorations proved to be significant in several studies, however, quantitative, numerical results on the relationship between the colour difference and these parameters are still lacking. The purpose of this in vitro study was to quantitatively determine how the colour reproduction ability of a lithium disilicate glass-ceramic is affected by its translucency, layer thickness, and substrate colour.
Methods: Ceramic samples were prepared from A2 shade IPS e.
Objective: The aim of this in vitro study is to evaluate the masking ability of polymer-infiltrated ceramic-network materials (PICN) with different translucencies and thicknesses on multiple types of substrates.
Materials And Methods: Ceramic samples were prepared of VITA ENAMIC blocks in two different translucencies (2M2-T, 2M2-HT) in a thickness range of 0.5-2.
The human Ether-à-go-go related gene (hERG) potassium channel has been widely used to counter screen potential pharmaceuticals as a biomarker to predict clinical QT prolongation. Thus, higher throughput assays of hERG are valuable for early in vitro screening of drug candidates to minimize failure in later-stage drug development due to this potentially adverse cardiac risk. We have developed a novel method utilizing potassium fluoride to improve throughput of hERG counter screening with an automated patch clamp system, PatchXpress 7000A.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: In recent years, the anesthetized guinea pig has been used increasingly to evaluate the cardiovascular effects of drug-candidate molecules during lead optimization prior to conducting longer, more resource intensive safety pharmacology and toxicology studies. The aim of these studies was to evaluate the correlations between pharmacologically-induced ECG changes in the anesthetized cardiovascular guinea pig (CVGP) with ECG changes in conscious non-rodent telemetry models, human clinical studies and effects on key cardiac ion channels.
Methods: We compared the effects of 38 agents on ion channel inhibition to their ECG effects in the CVGP.