Arsenic exposure and type 2 diabetes: results from the 2007-2009 Canadian Health Measures Survey.

Introduction: Inorganic arsenic and its metabolites are considered dangerous to human health. Although several studies have reported associations between low-level arsenic exposure and diabetes mellitus in the United States and Mexico, this association has not been studied in the Canadian population. We evaluated the association between arsenic exposure, as measured by total arsenic concentration in urine, and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in 3151 adult participants in Cycle 1 (2007-2009) of the Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS).

Use of a Cumulative Exposure Index to Estimate the Impact of Tap Water Lead Concentration on Blood Lead Levels in 1- to 5-Year-Old Children (Montréal, Canada).

Background: Drinking water is recognized as a source of lead (Pb) exposure. However, questions remain about the impact of chronic exposure to lead-contaminated water on internal dose.

Objective: Our goal was to estimate the relation between a cumulative water Pb exposure index (CWLEI) and blood Pb levels (BPb) in children 1-5 years of ages.

The impact of drinking water, indoor dust and paint on blood lead levels of children aged 1-5 years in Montréal (Québec, Canada).

Lead is neurotoxic at very low dose and there is a need to better characterize the impact of domestic sources of lead on the biological exposure of young children. A cross-sectional survey evaluated the contribution of drinking water, house dust and paint to blood lead levels (BLLs) of young children living in old boroughs of Montréal (Canada). Three hundred and six children aged 1 to 5 years and currently drinking tap water participated in the study.

Altered expression of the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation enzymes in uveal melanoma and regulation of PARG gene expression by the transcription factor ERM.

Purpose: Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation is a reversible post-translational modification that requires the contribution of the enzymes poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) and poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG). Our study explores expression and activity of PARP-1 and PARG in uveal melanoma cell lines with varying tumorigenic properties.

Methods: Gene profiling on microarrays was conducted using RNA prepared from the uveal melanoma cell lines T97, T98, T108, and T115.

Poly(ADP-ribose) metabolism analysis in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) are a well-conserved family of enzymes found in many species. These enzymes catalyze poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation, a modification of proteins implicated in a variety of nuclear processes, such as DNA damage signaling and repair, cell death and survival, and transcription. Poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) is responsible for the specific hydrolysis of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR), the product of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation, and its action is required for the modified proteins to regain their original function in the cell.