Retrospective study in 1020 cases on the rate of surgical site infections after lacrimal surgery without prophylactic systemic antibiotics.

Background/aims: Data regarding the effectiveness of prophylactic systemic antibiotics (PSA) in lacrimal surgery is scarce. Therefore, we determined the postoperative surgical site infection (SSI) rate in lacrimal surgery without PSA.

Methods: We retrospectively analysed files of patients who underwent external (extDCR) or endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy (endoDCR).

Determinant of parasite clearance and density on uncomplicated falciparum malaria infections in malaria-endemic area of Lampung Province, Indonesia.

Lampung is a malaria-endemic region in Indonesia with an annual parasite incidence of 0.06 per 1,000 population. The socio-demographic factors, clinical conditions, and artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) types might affect parasite clearance and parasite density.

Tolerogenic dendritic cells pulsed with islet antigen induce long-term reduction in T-cell autoreactivity in type 1 diabetes patients.

Introduction: Restoration of immune tolerance may halt progression of autoimmune diseases. Tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDC) inhibit antigen-specific proinflammatory T-cells, generate antigen-specific regulatory T-cells and promote IL-10 production , providing an appealing immunotherapy to intervene in autoimmune disease progression.

Methods: A placebo-controlled, dose escalation phase 1 clinical trial in nine adult patients with long-standing type 1 diabetes (T1D) demonstrated the safety and feasibility of two (prime-boost) vaccinations with tolDC pulsed with a proinsulin peptide.

A unique immune signature in blood separates therapy-refractory from therapy-responsive acute graft-versus-host disease.

Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) is an immune cell‒driven, potentially lethal complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation affecting diverse organs, including the skin, liver, and gastrointestinal (GI) tract. We applied mass cytometry (CyTOF) to dissect circulating myeloid and lymphoid cells in children with severe (grade III-IV) aGVHD treated with immune suppressive drugs alone (first-line therapy) or in combination with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs; second-line therapy). These results were compared with CyTOF data generated in children who underwent transplantation with no aGVHD or age-matched healthy control participants.

GPA33 is expressed on multiple human blood cell types and distinguishes CD4 central memory T cells with and without effector function.

The Ig superfamily protein glycoprotein A33 (GPA33) has been implicated in immune dysregulation, but little is known about its expression in the immune compartment. Here, we comprehensively determined GPA33 expression patterns on human blood leukocyte subsets, using mass and flow cytometry. We found that GPA33 was expressed on fractions of B, dendritic, natural killer and innate lymphoid cells.