Multimodal oculomotor assessment reveals prodromal markers of Parkinson's disease in non-manifesting LRRK2 G2019S mutation carriers.

Oculomotor behaviour changes in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) are a promising source of prodromal disease markers. Capitalizing on this phenomenon to facilitate early diagnosis requires oculomotor assessment in prodromal cohorts. We examined oculomotor behaviour in non-manifesting LRRK2 G2019S mutation carriers (LRRK2-NM), who have heightened PD risk.

Corneal Confocal Microscopy Identifies and Differentiates Patients With Multiple Sclerosis and Epilepsy.

Purpose: To assess whether corneal nerve analysis can identify and differentiate patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) from those with epilepsy.

Methods: Participants with MS (n = 83), participants with epilepsy (n = 50), and healthy controls (HCs) (n = 20) underwent corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) and quantification of automated corneal nerve fiber length (ACNFL), automated corneal nerve fractal dimension (ACNFrD), and ACNFrD/ACNFL ratio of the subbasal nerve plexus.

Results: ACNFL (MS: P < 0.

TREATMENT OF HYPOTHYROIDISM BY AGE AND SEX IN THE UNITED STATES: A NHANES AND OPTUM CLAIMS DATA ANALYSIS.

Objective: Recent data using NHANES and Optum Claims data (OCD) showed an increase in primary hypothyroidism (HT) prevalence in the United States following the 2002 NHANES III report. Using these data, we characterized treatment patterns of overt HT (OHT) in the US.

Methods: Data on adults with OHT were collected from NHANES (2009-2012) and OCD (2012-2019).

Is your system fit for purpose? Female athlete health considerations for rugby injury and illness surveillance systems.

This review discusses female-specific health considerations in injury and illness surveillance and provides rugby-specific recommendations for future surveillance. Identifying priority injury and illness problems by determining those problems with the highest rates within women's rugby may highlight different priorities than sex comparisons between men's and women's rugby. Whilst sports exposure is the primary risk for health problems in sports injury and illness surveillance, female athletes have health domains that should also be considered.