The Impact of Executive Function on Retention and Compliance in Physical Therapy in Veterans.

Objective: To examine retention and compliance to a novel physical therapy (PT) treatment among Veterans with and without executive function deficits (EFD+/EFD-).

Design: This study was a preplanned secondary analysis of an ongoing randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Outpatient PT at VA Boston Healthcare System.

Serotonin neurons integrate GABA and dopamine inputs to regulate meal initiation.

Obesity is a growing global health epidemic with limited orally administered therapeutics. Serotonin (5-HT) is one neurotransmitter which remains an excellent target for new weight-loss therapies, but a gap remains in understanding the mechanisms involved in 5-HT produced in the dorsal Raphe nucleus (DRN) and its involvement in meal initiation. Using an optogenetic feeding paradigm, we showed that the 5-HT➔arcuate nucleus (ARH) circuit plays a role in meal initiation.

Identification of an ionic mechanism for ERα-mediated rapid excitation in neurons.

The major female ovarian hormone, 17β-estradiol (E), can alter neuronal excitability within milliseconds to regulate a variety of physiological processes. Estrogen receptor-α (ERα), classically known as a nuclear receptor, exists as a membrane-bound receptor to mediate this rapid action of E, but the ionic mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we show that a membrane channel protein, chloride intracellular channel protein-1 (Clic1), can physically interact with ERα with a preference to the membrane-bound ERα.

Increased knee-extension strength and steps per day after a novel post-hospitalization rehabilitative program in older adults (65+): Secondary analyses of a randomized controlled single-blinded trial using an expanded sample size.

Introduction: Older adults are at risk of developing new or worsened disability when hospitalized for acute medical illness. This study is a secondary analysis of the STAND-Cph trial on the effect of a simple strength training intervention initiated during hospitalization and continued after discharge. We investigated the between-group difference in change in functional performance outcomes, the characteristics of patients who experienced a relevant effect of the intervention, and the characteristics of those who were compliant with the intervention, using an expanded sample size as protocolized.