Barriers to Research for Academic Otologists/Neurotologists in the United States.

Objective: The physician-scientist workforce is shrinking in the United States. Academic otologists/neurotologists face a diverse set of barriers to successful careers. We aimed to characterize the factors affecting contemporary otology/neurotology surgeon-scientists.

Effects of recombinant human growth hormone in severe neurosurgical patients: A single center, retrospective study.

Purpose: To explore the effects of recombinant human growth hormone (r-hGH) on inflammatory mediators, immune cells and prognosis in severe neurosurgical patients.

Methods: From August 2020 to June 2021, a total of 236 patients who admitted to the neurosurgical intensive care unit (NSICU) were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into GH group (97 cases) and nGH group (139 cases) according to whether they received r-hGH treatment.

Blind nasoenteric tube placement risks: A case report of misplacement into the pleural cavity.

Rationale: Enteral nutrition is a critical component of care for critically ill patients. However, the blind insertion of a nasoenteric tube, despite being a simple procedure, carries inherent risks that necessitate a reevaluation of the technique.

Patient Concerns: A case of a 60-year-old female experienced the rare yet critical complication of a misplaced nasoenteric tube entering the thoracic cavity during a blind insertion procedure for enteral nutrition following a liver transplant.

Non-canonical hepatic androgen receptor mediates glucagon sensitivity in female mice through the PGC1α/ERRα/mitochondria axis.

Glucagon has recently been found to modulate liver fat content, in addition to its role in regulating gluconeogenesis. However, the precise mechanisms by which glucagon signaling synchronizes glucose and lipid metabolism in the liver remain poorly understood. By employing chemical and genetic approaches, we demonstrate that inhibiting the androgen receptor (AR) impairs the ability of glucagon to stimulate gluconeogenesis and lipid catabolism in primary hepatocytes and female mice.

Transcriptional determinants of goal-directed learning and representational drift in the parahippocampal cortex.

Task learning involves learning associations between stimuli and outcomes and storing these relationships in memory. While this information can be reliably decoded from population activity, individual neurons encoding this representation can drift over time. The circuit or molecular mechanisms underlying this drift and its role in learning are unclear.