Pembrolizumab and chemotherapy in high-risk, early-stage, ER/HER2 breast cancer: a randomized phase 3 trial.

Addition of pembrolizumab to neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by adjuvant pembrolizumab improved outcomes in patients with high-risk, early-stage, triple-negative breast cancer. However, whether the addition of neoadjuvant pembrolizumab to chemotherapy would improve outcomes in high-risk, early-stage, estrogen receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (ER/HER2) breast cancer remains unclear. We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study (KEYNOTE-756) in which patients with previously untreated ER/HER2 grade 3 high-risk invasive breast cancer (T1c-2 (≥2 cm), cN1-2 or T3-4, cN0-2) were randomly assigned (1:1) to neoadjuvant pembrolizumab 200 mg or placebo Q3W given with paclitaxel QW for 12 weeks, followed by four cycles of doxorubicin or epirubicin plus cyclophosphamide Q2W or Q3W.

Red flags to suspect inborn errors of immunity in patients with autoimmune diseases.

Inborn errors of immunity are monogenic disorders that predispose patients to immune dysregulation, autoimmunity, and infection. Some autoimmune diseases, such as autoimmune cytopenias, systemic lupus erythematosus, and inflammatory bowel diseases, are increasingly recognized as phenotypes of inborn errors of immunity. The objective of this article was to identify red flags or clinical/laboratory markers to suspect inborn errors of immunity in patients with autoimmune cytopenias, systemic lupus erythematosus, and inflammatory bowel diseases through a systematic literature review.

Allelic and haplotypic HLA analysis in patients with psoriatic arthritis: Low frequency of common alleles.

Introduction: Psoriatic arthritis is a complex disease, and human leukocyte antigens (HLA) are key to its development. Latin America and, specifically, Colombia, has scarce data about patients with psoriatic arthritis.

Objective: To describe the genotypic, allelic and haplotypic frequency of HLA alleles in psoriatic arthritis and associate them with clinical variables.

Concentrations and origins of ultrafine particles at a major European harbor.

The maritime transport sector poses significant air quality concerns, particularly in nearby cities. Ultrafine particles (UFP, diameter < 100 nm) are of particular concern due to their potential health impacts. This study measured particle number concentrations (PNC), size distributions (PNSD), and other pollutants including particulate matter (PM), nitrogen oxides (NO), black carbon (BC), sulfur dioxide (SO) and ozone (O), organic markers and trace elements at a major European harbor and an urban background (UB) location.

Bosutinib for the Treatment of CML-Using it Safely: a Podcast.

Bosutinib is a second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) approved for use in patients with newly diagnosed Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-positive chronic phase (CP) chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), as well as Ph-positive CP, accelerated phase, or blast phase (with chemotherapy) CML resistant or intolerant to prior therapy. Clinical trials have shown bosutinib is effective as first-line therapy for patients with CML as well as in later lines of therapy after prior TKI failure. Bosutinib has an established safety profile; however, as with all TKIs approved for the treatment of CML, there are adverse events (AEs) that require management.