Reference values for nerve conduction studies of the peroneal, tibial, and sural nerve derived from a large population-based cohort: Associations with demographic and anthropometric characteristics-The Maastricht study.

Introduction/aims: Nerve conduction studies (NCSs) are widely used to support the clinical diagnosis of neuromuscular disorders. The aims of this study were to obtain reference values for peroneal, tibial, and sural NCSs and to examine the associations with demographic and anthropometric factors.

Methods: In 5099 participants (aged 40-79 years) without type 2 diabetes of The Maastricht Study, NCSs of peroneal, tibial, and sural nerves were performed.

Cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity, blood pressure and blood pressure variability - the Maastricht study.

Objective: Low baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) has been hypothesized to underlie high blood pressure (BP) and greater BP variability on the longer term, but evidence is scarce. In addition, these associations may differ by sex and (pre)diabetes. Therefore, we investigated whether cardiovagal BRS is associated with short- to mid-term mean BP and BP variability, and differs according to sex and (pre)diabetes.

Sex differences in the association of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes with microvascular complications and function: The Maastricht Study.

Background: Women with type 2 diabetes are disproportionally affected by macrovascular complications; we here investigated whether this is also the case for microvascular complications and retinal microvascular measures.

Methods: In a population-based cohort study of individuals aged 40-75 years (n = 3410; 49% women, 29% type 2 diabetes (oversampled by design)), we estimated sex-specific associations, and differences therein, of (pre)diabetes (reference: normal glucose metabolism), and of continuous measures of glycemia with microvascular complications and retinal measures (nephropathy, sensory neuropathy, and retinal arteriolar and venular diameters and dilatation). Sex differences were analyzed using regression models with interaction terms (i.

Associations of cells from both innate and adaptive immunity with lower nerve conduction velocity: the Maastricht Study.

Introduction: Distal sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSPN) is common in people with diabetes but is also found in pre-diabetes. Peripheral nerve myelin damage, which can be assessed by reduced nerve conduction velocity (NCV), is an essential feature of DSPN. Emerging evidence indicates that the development of DSPN may involve the activation of the immune system.

Cardiometabolic risk factors as determinants of peripheral nerve function: the Maastricht Study.

Aims/hypothesis: We aimed to examine associations of cardiometabolic risk factors, and (pre)diabetes, with (sensorimotor) peripheral nerve function.

Methods: In 2401 adults (aged 40-75 years) we previously determined fasting glucose, HbA, triacylglycerol, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol, inflammation, waist circumference, blood pressure, smoking, glucose metabolism status (by OGTT) and medication use. Using nerve conduction tests, we measured compound muscle action potential, sensory nerve action potential amplitudes and nerve conduction velocities (NCVs) of the peroneal, tibial and sural nerves.