Toxinotyping of strains isolated from broiler flocks with necrotic enteritis and evaluation of the effect of toxins on Leghorn Male Hepatoma cells.

Background: Necrotic enteritis (NE) is an economically important disease, caused by type G strains, and is one of the major targets of antibiotics used in poultry feed.

Aims: This study aimed to genotypically characterize virulent strains of isolated from healthy and diseased birds in Iran.

Methods: Eleven isolates were derived from necrotic enteritis cases, and 27 were from healthy chickens.

Effects of Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) Essential Oil on Bacterial Growth and Expression of Some Virulence Genes in Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis.

Background: The investigation on natural antimicrobial compounds against zoonotic pathogens has gained more attention due to the public health concerns regarding the emergence of antimicrobial resistance.

Objectives: The current study aimed to assess the effects of thyme essential oil at sub-minimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) on bacterial growth and expression of some virulence genes in Salmonella enteritidis.

Methods: The bacterial growth rate and the expression of four virulence genes in S.

A Review on cLF36, a Novel Recombinant Antimicrobial Peptide-Derived Camel Lactoferrin.

Lactoferrin is an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) playing a pivotal role in numerous biological processes. The primary antimicrobial efficacy of lactoferrin is associated with its N-terminal end, which contains various peptides, such as lactoferricin and lactoferrampin. In this context, our research team has developed a refined chimeric 42-mer peptide known as cLF36 over the past few years.

The burden of lower respiratory infections and their underlying etiologies in the Middle East and North Africa region, 1990-2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Background: Lower respiratory infections (LRIs) cause substantial mortality and morbidity. The present study reported and analysed the burden of LRIs in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region between 1990 and 2019, by age, sex, etiology, and socio-demographic index (SDI).

Methods: The data used in this study were sourced from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2019.

Molecular detection and analysis of beak and feather disease viruses in Iran.

The beak and feather disease virus (BFDV) is one of the few pathogens capable of causing extinction of psittacines. To determine the prevalence and the nature of BFDV mutation, this study investigated the presence of the BFDV among 1,095 individual birds of the 17 psittacine species in Iran followed by analyzing the DNA sequences of seven replication-associated protein (rep) and 10 capsid (cap) genomes of the virus. The BFDV was found to be the foremost pathogen among more than 12 psittacine species, and phylogenetic analysis showed that the BFDV GenBank-published sequences from Poland, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Taiwan, and Thailand were most similar to those of this study.