Publications by authors named "J R Waterman"
Stress-induced plant volatiles play an important role in mediating ecological interactions between plants and their environment. The timing and location of the inflicted damage is known to influence the quality and quantity of induced volatile emissions. However, how leaf characteristics and herbivore feeding behaviour interact to shape volatile emissions is not well understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpecies reintroductions are increasingly seen as important methods of biodiversity restoration. Reintroductions of red kites Milvus milvus and white-tailed eagles Halieaeetus albicilla to Britain, which were extirpated in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, represent major conservation successes. Here, we measured stable isotope ratios of carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) in feather keratin and bone collagen of museum specimens of red kites and white-tailed eagles, which were collected from across Scotland between the 1800s and 2010s.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOxidative stress plays a crucial role in mediating life-history processes, where it can compromise survival and reproduction through harmful alterations to DNA, lipids, and proteins. In this study, we investigated oxidative stress in Cape ground squirrels (), a longer-lived African ground squirrel species with a high reproductive skew and unique life history strategies. We measured oxidative stress as total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), and an oxidative stress index (OSI) in blood plasma from individuals of approximately known ages.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The study investigates how biogenic silicon, a common plant defense mechanism, affects the performance of herbivorous animals that consume these plants.
- Meta-analyses of 150 studies show that silicon-rich plants have significantly higher silicon levels, leading to a 33% decline in herbivore performance, especially affecting tissue-chewing herbivores.
- Fluid-feeding herbivores are less impacted, with their performance declining only by 14%, indicating that silicon defenses are particularly effective against chewing herbivores, regardless of their dietary habits.
Aim: The aim of this work was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of performing colonoscopy in patients aged 90 years or over.
Method: In compliance with PRISMA statement standards, a systematic review of studies reporting the outcomes of colonoscopy in patients aged ≥90 years was conducted. A proportional meta-analysis model was constructed to quantify the risk of outcomes and a direct comparison meta-analysis model was constructed to compare outcomes between nonagenarians and patients aged between 50 and 89 years via random-effects models.