Febrile urinary tract infection after ureteroneocystostomy: a contemporary assessment at a single institution.

Purpose: Febrile urinary tract infection represents significant morbidity in patients with vesicoureteral reflux, especially following open surgical or endoscopic treatment. The reported incidence of febrile urinary tract infection after ureteroneocystostomy varies from 10% to 24%. We investigated the incidence of febrile urinary tract infection following ureteroneocystostomy in a contemporary, single institution series.

Increased immunogenicity of HIV envelope subunit complexed with alpha2-macroglobulin when combined with monophosphoryl lipid A and GM-CSF.

Critical to the success of HIV-1 subunit vaccines is the development of strategies to augment vaccine immunogenicity. Successful adjuvants must not only improve immunogenicity above current adjuvant levels, but must also decrease the dose of immunogen required for optimal immunogenicity. We have evaluated activated alpha2-macroglobulin (alpha2M*) and a squalene-based stable emulsion containing monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL-SE) with granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as adjuvants to enhance the immunogencity of candidate HIV immunogens.

Immunologic profile of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients during viral remission and relapse on antiretroviral therapy.

A dissociation between plasma human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RNA levels and CD4(+) cell counts has been reported in patients experiencing viral relapse while receiving antiretroviral therapy. This study compared patients with stable CD4(+) lymphocytes during viral relapse while receiving treatment with patients who had sustained virus suppression. Plasma HIV RNA levels, lymphocyte immunophenotyping, and T cell receptor excision circle (TREC) levels were measured.

Effect of thymectomy on human peripheral blood T cell pools in myasthenia gravis.

The human thymus is required for establishment of the T cell pool in fetal life, but postnatal thymectomy does not lead to immunodeficiency in humans. Because thymectomy in humans is performed for treatment of myasthenia gravis (MG), we have studied patients with MG for effects of thymectomy on peripheral blood (PB) naive (CD45RA(+), CD62L(+)) and memory (CD45RO(+)) T cells. We have also determined the effect of thymectomy on levels of PB cells containing signal joint TCR delta excision circles (TRECs), a molecular marker of thymus emigrants that have divided few times after leaving the thymus.

Induction of antibodies in guinea pigs and rhesus monkeys against the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope: neutralization of nonpathogenic and pathogenic primary isolate simian/human immunodeficiency virus strains.

We have compared the abilities of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope V3 peptides and recombinant gp120 to induce antibodies that neutralize simian/human immunodeficiency viruses (SHIVs). SHIV-89.6 is a nonpathogenic SHIV that expresses the envelope protein of primary HIV-1 isolate 89.