Publications by authors named "J R Starke"
Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) targeting globus pallidus internus (GPi) is a recognised therapy for drug-refractory dystonia. However, the mechanisms underlying this effect are not fully understood. This study explores how pallidal DBS alters spatiotemporal pattern formation of neuronal dynamics within the cerebellar cortex in a dystonic animal model, the dt hamster.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Tuberculous meningitis is fatal if untreated and can lead to lifelong neurological sequelae. However, to our knowledge, there are no data on the number of children affected by this disease. We aimed to estimate the global disease burden and attributable mortality of childhood tuberculous meningitis by WHO regions, age groups, treatment status, and HIV status in 2019.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Gracilibacteria are a group of bacteria that are part of the candidate phyla radiation (CPR), characterized by small size and incomplete metabolic pathways, indicating a potential symbiotic lifestyle, and their roles in ecosystems, especially in groundwater, are still largely unknown.
- The study utilized metagenomic and metaproteomic analyses over a 12-day period at a cold-water geyser in Germany to observe the activity and genetic expression of Gracilibacteria, identifying multiple genomes and their interactions with other microbial communities.
- The findings revealed that Gracilibacteria possess genomic traits suggesting limited metabolic functions and a reliance on host organisms for survival, as indicated by a high number of genes related to cell interaction and motility.
The striatum as part of the basal ganglia is central to both motor, and cognitive functions. Here, we propose a large-scale biophysical network for this part of the brain, using modified Hodgkin-Huxley dynamics to model neurons, and a connectivity informed by a detailed human atlas. The model shows different spatio-temporal activity patterns corresponding to lower (presumably normal) and increased cortico-striatal activation (as found in, e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- A biophysical network model for the isolated striatal body is created to enhance deep brain stimulation (DBS) for conditions like obsessive-compulsive disorder.
- The model is based on advanced equations and uses neuron positioning data from a human atlas, allowing it to distinguish between healthy and pathological neuronal activity.
- It identifies optimal DBS parameters by balancing stimulation frequency, amplitude, and localization while revealing a trade-off between network activity and frequency synchronization.