Publications by authors named "J R Palumbo"
Thrombin promotes the proliferation and function of CD8+ T cells. To test if thrombin prevents exhaustion and sustains antiviral T cell activity during chronic viral infection, we depleted the thrombin-precursor prothrombin to 10% of normal levels in mice prior to infection with the clone 13 strain of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. Unexpectedly, prothrombin insufficiency resulted in 100% mortality after infection that was prevented by depletion of CD8+ T cells, suggesting that reduced availability of prothrombin enhances virus-induced immunopathology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Extubation failure (EF) in PICU patients is reintubation within 48, 72, or 96 hours of planned extubation (EF48, EF72, and EF96, respectively). Standardized sedation protocols, extubation readiness testing, and noninvasive respiratory support are used to improve efficient liberation from mechanical ventilation (MV). We therefore aimed to review EF rates, time to failure, and the use of noninvasive respiratory support after extubation, 2017-2021.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Understanding of the hemostatic and complement alterations associated with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in pediatric patients and the impact of these alterations on outcome is limited.
Objectives: The present study prospectively characterized these alterations and their association with postoperative outcomes in pediatric CPB.
Methods: All patients aged <21 years undergoing CPB at the authors' institution between 2020 and 2021 who weighed >3 kg, were >36 weeks gestational age, and had no known prothrombotic or hemorrhagic disorders were eligible.
Article Synopsis
- In the fall of 2023, watermelon and melon plants in Yuma County, AZ, and Imperial County, CA, showed mosaic symptoms, chlorotic spotting, and yellowing of older leaves, indicating potential viral infections commonly transmitted by whiteflies.
- Testing identified that most plants were infected with cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (CYSDV), prevalent since 2006, but unusual symptoms suggested the presence of another virus.
- Further analysis found watermelon chlorotic stunt virus (WmCSV) in symptomatic plants, with genetic sequencing revealing high similarity to WmCSV isolates from production areas in Mexico and Palestine.
Article Synopsis
- - The diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) is a major pest affecting Brassica crops like broccoli and cauliflower, with outbreaks occurring in Arizona since October 2016.
- - Research from 2016 to 2021 involved collecting 19 P. xylostella populations from various locations to assess their resistance to four insecticides, revealing that most were effective except chlorantraniliprole, which failed at field rates.
- - The study found significant resistance levels in the moth populations from transplanted crops but indicated that resistance was not consistent or lasting in those from direct-seeded broccoli, suggesting ongoing risks of resistance in Arizona's vegetable-growing regions.