Publications by authors named "J R Kulkarni"

Background Fragility fractures, often caused by osteoporosis, are a major public health concern among the growing population of the United Kingdom (UK). In addition to being a major source of illness and mortality, the rising incidence of osteoporosis places a heavy strain on healthcare systems if it is not adequately managed. In order to lower the risk of additional fractures, current guidelines place a strong emphasis on the timely evaluation and treatment of fragility fractures.

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  • Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) affects 3-8% of women globally and is influenced by various factors, including trauma exposure, prompting a systematic review to analyze this relationship.* -
  • The review examined 27 studies, revealing that the prevalence of traumatic exposure in women with PMDD ranged from 18.03% to 90.5%, with a pooled average of 61%.* -
  • Findings indicate that women with PMDD are nearly twice as likely to have experienced trauma compared to those without PMDD, suggesting that trauma could be a significant risk factor for the disorder and highlighting the need for a trauma-informed approach in treatment.*
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  • A 45-year-old man had a scrotal lesion that he had for 25 years and was asymptomatic.
  • The lesion was identified as steatocystoma based on its appearance, measuring 20 cm × 10 cm × 8 cm before removal.
  • After surgical excision, the pathological examination showed cysts with characteristics similar to hair root sheath epithelium, containing keratin and some calcification.
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The immune system and cancer cells interact intricately during the growth of tumors, and the dynamic interplay between immune activation and suppression greatly influences the cancer outcome. Natural killer cells (NK), cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and Dendritic cells (DC), employ diverse mechanisms, to combat cancer. However, the challenges posed by factors such as chronic inflammation and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) often hinder immune cells' ability to detect and eliminate tumors accurately.

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Introduction Caesarean section (CS) is a lifesaving operation; it can have many complications in subsequent pregnancies. Since the uterine wall and cavity are not normal after CS, the implantation and subsequent trophoblastic invasion and placenta formation may be affected. This study was carried out to find out implantation and placental problems encountered in subsequent pregnancies.

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