Postdischarge nausea and vomiting: management strategies and outcomes over 7 days.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine patient management strategies and outcomes for self-care of postdischarge nausea and vomiting (PDNV).

Design: Prospective, comparative, descriptive, and longitudinal study.

Methods: The sample consisted of 248 patients aged 18 years or older undergoing a procedure requiring general anesthesia.

Incidence and predictors of postdischarge nausea and vomiting in a 7-day population.

Study Objective: 1) To quantify the incidence and severity of postdischarge nausea and vomiting (PDNV) for 7 days in adults undergoing outpatient surgeries with general anesthesia; 2) to evaluate whether a risk model previously developed for the first two postoperative days may be used to predict the patient's risk of PDNV for 7 days; and 3) to verify whether the same risk factors are applicable in the 3 to 7 day period.

Design: Prospective study.

Setting: Two university-affiliated centers.

Ultralow dose fentanyl prevents development of chronic neuropathic pain in rats.

Background: Opioids may cause progressive enhancement of pain sensitivity (opioid-induced hyperalgesia [OIH]) and thus, exacerbate existing pain. Animal studies also demonstrate paradoxical OIH with an ultralow dose (ULD, subanalgesic) of opioid; eg, the μ-opioid, morphine. Repeated administration of ULD-morphine resulted in tolerance to ULD-OIH.

Opioid-induced hyperalgesia and burn pain.

The treatment of pain produced during the management of burn injury has been an ongoing problem for physicians caring for these patients. The main therapeutic option for analgesia has been the repeated and prolonged use of opioids. The adverse effects of opioids are well known but the long term use of opioids which produces tolerance with accompanying dose escalation and dependence is most problematic.

Novel small molecule α9α10 nicotinic receptor antagonist prevents and reverses chemotherapy-evoked neuropathic pain in rats.

Background: Peripheral neuropathy is a common dose-limiting side effect of chemotherapy. There are no clinically proven analgesics for the treatment of this condition. Drugs from different classes have been tested with mixed results.